AFCAT Discount & MP — Study Material, 10 PYQs & Practice MCQs | ZestExam
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AFCAT Discount & MP
Study Material — 10 PYQs (2018–2024) · Concept Notes · Shortcuts
AFCAT Discount & MP is a frequently tested subtopic — 10 previous year questions from 2018–2024 papers are included below with concept notes, key rules and shortcut tricks.
A shopkeeper marks an article at ₹2,500. He offers a discount of 12% on the marked price. However, he still makes a profit of 25% on the cost price. If he gives an additional discount of 4% on the already discounted price to a bulk buyer, what is the cost price of the article?
Exam Q 32019Previous Year Pattern
A shopkeeper marks an article at ₹2,500. He offers a discount of 20% on the marked price. However, he still makes a profit of 25% on the cost price. If he gives an additional discount of 5% on the already discounted price to a bulk buyer, what is the cost price of the article?
Exam Q 42024Previous Year Pattern
A retailer buys articles at ₹80 per piece. He marks them at a price such that after giving a discount of 25%, he still makes a profit of 20%. Later, he decides to give an additional 10% discount on the already discounted price. What is his new profit or loss percentage?
Exam Q 52024Previous Year Pattern
A shopkeeper buys goods at ₹60 per kg. He marks them at ₹100 per kg. He sells 80% of the stock at a discount of 20% and the remaining 20% at a discount of 10%. What is his overall profit percentage?
Exam Q 62024Previous Year Pattern
A merchant offers a discount of 30% on marked price. After giving this discount, he earns a profit of 5%. If he wants to earn a profit of 20% instead, what discount percentage should he offer on the same marked price?
Exam Q 72024Previous Year Pattern
A shopkeeper marks goods 60% above cost price. He gives a discount of x% on marked price. If the profit earned is 8%, what is the value of x?
Exam Q 82024Previous Year Pattern
A merchant offers a discount of 30% on the marked price. Even after this discount, he makes a profit of 40% on the cost price. If the cost price of an item is ₹350, what is the marked price?
Exam Q 92019Previous Year Pattern
A shopkeeper marks up goods by 80% above cost price. He offers two successive discounts of 25% and 15% to customers. If a customer pays ₹918 for an article, what is the cost price of that article?
Exam Q 102024Previous Year Pattern
A shopkeeper marks up goods by 80% above cost price. He then offers two successive discounts of 25% and 20% on the marked price. If the final selling price is ₹432, what is the cost price?
Concept Notes
Discount & MP— Rules & Concept
💡
Core Concept
Read this first — the foundation of the topic
→Core Concept
Marked Price (MP) is the price tag on an item - what the seller claims is the original price. Discount is the reduction given on this marked price. The final price customer pays is called Selling Price (SP)
finding MP when SP and discount% are given, calculating profit when discount is involved, successive discounts, and false discount problems.
Shortcut #1 - Direct SP Formula: When discount% is given, SP = MP × (100-d)/100. For 20% discount: SP = 0.8 × MP
Shortcut #2 - Successive Discounts: For two discounts of a% and b%, combined discount = a + b - (ab/100). For 10% and 20%: Combined = 10 + 20 - (200/100) = 28%
Worked Example 1: A shopkeeper marks an article 40% above cost price. He gives 25% discount and still makes Rs. 20 profit.
Find the cost price
→Solution
Let CP = 100
MP = CP + 40% = 100 + 40 = 140
After 25% discount: SP = 140 × 75/100 = 105
Profit = SP - CP = 105 - 100 = 5
If profit of 5 gives Rs. 20, then CP = 20 × 100/5 = Rs. 400
Worked Example 2: A trader allows 16% discount on marked price and still gains 5%. If the article costs Rs. 50, what is the marked price
→Solution
CP = Rs. 50
Gain = 5%, so SP = 50 × 105/100 = Rs. 52.50
Discount = 16%, so SP = MP × 84/100
52.50 = MP × 84/100
MP = 52.50 × 100/84 = Rs. 62.50
Shortcut #3 - Quick MP Calculation: When SP and discount% are known, use MP = SP ÷ (1 - d/100). For 20% discount: MP = SP ÷ 0.8
Most Common Trap: Students confuse discount% base. Discount% is ALWAYS calculated on Marked Price, never on Cost Price or Selling Price. Many students calculate discount on CP and get wrong answers
💡Remember
Discount% = (Discount/MP) × 100, not (Discount/CP) × 100.
Another frequent error is in successive discount problems. Students simply add the percentages instead of using the formula. For 10% and 15% discounts, combined is NOT 25%, but 23.5%
💡Practical Tip
When solving discount problems, always identify what is given and what needs to be found
→Draw the relationship
CP → MP → SP. Mark the percentages between each step. This visual approach prevents calculation errors and saves time in exams.
Key Points to Remember
SP = MP - Discount (basic relationship for all discount problems)
Discount% is always calculated on Marked Price, never on Cost Price
Quick SP formula: SP = MP × (100-d)/100 where d is discount%
Successive discount formula: Combined% = a + b - (ab/100)
A retailer marks up the cost price by 60% and then offers a discount of 25% on the marked price. What is his profit percentage?
Practice 2easy
A merchant sells an item at ₹1200 after giving a discount of 25% on the marked price. What is the marked price?
Practice 3easy
A shopkeeper marks an article at ₹500. He gives a discount of 20% on the marked price. What is the selling price?
Practice 4easy
The marked price of a shirt is ₹1000. A customer gets two successive discounts of 10% and 15%. What is the final selling price?
Practice 5easy
The selling price of an item is ₹750 after a discount of 25% on the marked price. What is the marked price?
Practice 6easy
If the selling price of an item is ₹450 and the discount given is 10%, what is the marked price?
Practice 7easy
If the marked price of a book is ₹800 and it is sold at ₹600, what is the discount percentage?
Practice 8easy
An article costs ₹400 to the shopkeeper. He marks it up by 50% and then offers a discount of 20%. What is his profit percentage?
Practice 9easy
A shopkeeper marks an article at ₹800. He gives a discount of 15% on the marked price. What is the selling price?
Practice 10easy
A merchant offers two successive discounts of 20% and 10% on an article marked at ₹1000. What is the final selling price?
Practice 11easy
The marked price of a book is ₹250. After giving a discount of 12%, the shopkeeper still makes a profit of 20% on the cost price. What is the cost price of the book?
Practice 12easy
A trader marks his goods 40% above the cost price and gives a discount of 10% on the marked price. If the cost price is ₹600, what is the profit made?
Practice 13easy
A store gives successive discounts of 10% and 20% on an article marked at ₹2000. What is the final selling price?
Practice 14easy
A merchant offers a discount of 15% on the marked price of ₹1200. What amount does the customer pay?
Practice 15easy
The marked price of a book is ₹500. After giving a discount of 20%, the shopkeeper still makes a profit of 25% on the cost price. What is the cost price of the book?
Practice 16easy
A shopkeeper marks an article at ₹800. He gives a discount of 15% on the marked price. What is the selling price?
Practice 17easy
A retailer buys an item for ₹400 and marks it up by 50%. He then offers a discount of 20% on the marked price. What is his profit percentage?
Practice 18easy
A merchant offers a discount of 10% on the marked price of a shirt. If the customer pays ₹540 after the discount, what was the marked price?
Practice 19medium
A shopkeeper marks an article 60% above its cost price. He then gives a discount of 25% on the marked price. If the cost price is ₹400, what is the selling price?
Practice 20medium
An item is marked at ₹2,000. After giving a discount of 12%, the shopkeeper still makes a profit of 20%. What is the cost price of the item?
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