Question 1

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

The cell membrane acts as a selectively permeable barrier that controls which substances enter and exit the cell while providing protection to the cell contents.

Question 2

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes are the cellular structures that translate messenger RNA into proteins through the process of translation.

Question 3

What is the main function of mitochondria in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they produce ATP through cellular respiration, providing energy for cell functions.

Question 4

Which of the following is the basic unit of life?

Accepted Answer

The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of all living organisms, making it the basic unit of life.

Question 5

Which organelle is involved in the synthesis of proteins in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, translating mRNA into polypeptide chains in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Question 6

Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell and produces ATP through aerobic respiration in animal cells.

Question 7

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

The cell membrane is a semipermeable barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell and protects the cell contents.

Question 8

Which of the following is found in plant cells but NOT in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall and chloroplasts are unique structures present in plant cells for structural support and photosynthesis respectively.

Question 9

The nucleus is separated from the cytoplasm by which structure?

Accepted Answer

The nuclear membrane (nuclear envelope) is a double-layered membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm and controls the exchange of materials.

Question 10

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis; they read mRNA and assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains.

Question 11

The mitochondrion is known as the powerhouse of the cell because it produces ATP through which process?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria and produces ATP molecules that provide energy for cellular activities.

Question 12

A plant cell has a cell wall made primarily of which polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell walls are composed mainly of cellulose, which provides structural support and rigidity to plant cells.

Agniveer Army Tradesman Cell Biology

Cell Biology — Practice Questions