Question 1

If 25% of a number is 80, what is the number?

Accepted Answer

If 25% of x = 80, then x = 80 ÷ 0.25 = 320.

Question 2

A shirt costs ₹500. Its price is increased by 20%. What is the new price?

Accepted Answer

New price = 500 + (20% of 500) = 500 + 100 = ₹600.

Question 3

In a class of 40 students, 30% are girls. How many girls are in the class?

Accepted Answer

Number of girls = 30% of 40 = 0.30 × 40 = 12.

Question 4

The population of a town was 50,000 in 2020. It increased by 20% in 2021. What was the population in 2021?

Accepted Answer

Population in 2021 = 50,000 + (20% of 50,000) = 50,000 + 10,000 = 60,000.

Question 5

A village had a population of 80,000 in 2019. The population decreased by 15% in 2020. What was the population in 2020?

Accepted Answer

Population in 2020 = 80,000 − (15% of 80,000) = 80,000 − 12,000 = 68,000.

Question 6

The population of a city increased from 40,000 to 50,000. What is the percentage increase in population?

Accepted Answer

Percentage increase = [(50,000 − 40,000) / 40,000] × 100 = (10,000 / 40,000) × 100 = 25%.

Question 7

The price of a book increased from ₹200 to ₹250. What is the percentage increase in price?

Accepted Answer

Percentage increase = (Change/Original) × 100 = (50/200) × 100 = 25%.

Question 8

A student scored 60 marks out of 100 in an exam. In the next exam, the marks increased to 75 out of 100. What is the percentage increase in marks?

Accepted Answer

Percentage increase = (15/60) × 100 = 25%, where 15 is the increase from 60 to 75.

Question 9

The population of a town decreased from 5000 to 4500 in one year. What is the percentage decrease in population?

Accepted Answer

Percentage decrease = (Decrease/Original) × 100 = (500/5000) × 100 = 10%.

Question 10

A shopkeeper bought a shirt for ₹400 and sold it at a profit of 25%. What is the selling price?

Accepted Answer

Selling price = Cost price + Profit; Profit = 25% of ₹400 = ₹100; Selling price = ₹400 + ₹100 = ₹500.

Question 11

In a school, 60% of students are boys. If there are 150 boys, how many total students are in the school?

Accepted Answer

If 60% = 150, then total = 150 ÷ 0.60 = 250 students.

Question 12

The price of a book was reduced by 20% during a sale. If the original price was ₹500, what is the sale price?

Accepted Answer

Discount = 20% of ₹500 = ₹100; Sale price = ₹500 − ₹100 = ₹400.

Question 13

A mobile phone costs ₹12,000. If its price is reduced by 20%, what is the new price?

Accepted Answer

New Price = 12,000 − (20% of 12,000) = 12,000 − 2,400 = ₹9,600.

Question 14

In a school, 60% of students passed in Mathematics and 75% passed in Science. If 45% passed in both subjects, what percentage of students failed in both subjects?

Accepted Answer

Students who passed in at least one subject = 60% + 75% - 45% = 90%; Students who failed both = 100% - 90% = 10%.

Question 15

The population of a city is 50,000. If it increases by 20% in the first year, what will be the population after the first year?

Accepted Answer

Population after increase = 50,000 + (20% of 50,000) = 50,000 + 10,000 = 60,000.

Question 16

A shopkeeper buys a shirt for ₹400 and sells it at a profit of 25%. What is the selling price?

Accepted Answer

Selling Price = Cost Price + (25% of Cost Price) = 400 + 100 = ₹500.

Question 17

In a school, 35% of students are girls. If there are 280 girls, how many total students are there?

Accepted Answer

If 35% = 280, then Total = 280 ÷ 0.35 = 800 students.

Question 18

A village had a population of 80,000 in 2020. The population decreased by 15% in 2021. What was the population in 2021?

Accepted Answer

Population after decrease = 80,000 − (15% of 80,000) = 80,000 − 12,000 = 68,000.

Question 19

A town's population increases by 25% in the first year to reach 12,500. What was the original population?

Accepted Answer

If original population is P, then P + 25% of P = 12,500; so 1.25P = 12,500; P = 10,000.

Question 20

The population of a district grows from 40,000 to 48,000 in one year. What is the percentage increase in population?

Accepted Answer

Percentage increase = [(48,000 − 40,000) / 40,000] × 100 = (8,000 / 40,000) × 100 = 20%.

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