Question 1

A lever of length 2 m has its fulcrum at 0.5 m from the load end. If a force of 100 N is applied at the free end, what is the mechanical advantage of this lever?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical advantage = Effort arm ÷ Load arm = 1.5 m ÷ 0.5 m = 3.

Question 2

A wedge is used to split wood. Which statement correctly describes the relationship between the angle of the wedge and its mechanical advantage?

Accepted Answer

A sharper wedge (smaller angle) concentrates force over a smaller area, resulting in higher mechanical advantage and greater splitting ability.

Question 3

What is the SI unit of electric current?

Accepted Answer

Electric current is the flow of charge per unit time, and its SI unit is Ampere (A), where 1 A = 1 Coulomb/second.

Question 4

What is the direction of the magnetic field around a straight current-carrying wire?

Accepted Answer

By the right-hand rule, the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire forms concentric circles in a plane perpendicular to the wire.

Question 5

What is the speed of light in vacuum?

Accepted Answer

The speed of light in vacuum is a fundamental constant, approximately 3 × 10⁸ m/s or 300,000 km/s.

Question 6

In a pulley system, if a movable pulley is used to lift a load of 200 N, what minimum effort force is required (neglecting friction and pulley weight)?

Accepted Answer

A single movable pulley provides a mechanical advantage of 2, so effort = Load ÷ 2 = 200 ÷ 2 = 100 N.

Question 7

A sound wave travels at 340 m/s in air. If the frequency of the sound is 170 Hz, what is its wavelength?

Accepted Answer

Using the formula v = f × λ, wavelength λ = v/f = 340/170 = 2 m.

Question 8

The human ear can hear sounds in the frequency range of approximately:

Accepted Answer

The normal audible frequency range for human hearing is 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz (20 kHz), beyond which sounds are termed infrasound or ultrasound.

Question 9

A wire of resistance 10 Ω carries a current of 2 A. What is the potential difference across the wire?

Accepted Answer

Using Ohm's Law (V = IR), potential difference = 10 Ω × 2 A = 20 V.

Question 10

Which of the following materials is the best conductor of electricity?

Accepted Answer

Copper has very low electrical resistance and is one of the best electrical conductors, commonly used in wiring and circuits.

Question 11

A ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of 30 m/s. Taking g = 10 m/s², what is the maximum height reached by the ball?

Accepted Answer

Using h = u²/(2g), where u = 30 m/s and g = 10 m/s², we get h = 900/20 = 45 m.

Question 12

A man pushes a box with a force of 50 N and moves it 10 m in the direction of the force. How much work is done on the box?

Accepted Answer

Work = Force × Displacement × cos(θ); here W = 50 × 10 × cos(0°) = 500 J.

Question 13

Which of the following is the SI unit of power?

Accepted Answer

Power is defined as work done per unit time, and its SI unit is Watt (W), where 1 W = 1 J/s.

Question 14

A ball is thrown vertically upward with a velocity of 20 m/s. At its maximum height, what is its kinetic energy? (Take g = 10 m/s²)

Accepted Answer

At maximum height, velocity becomes zero; kinetic energy = ½mv² = 0 since v = 0.

Question 15

A machine does 1000 J of work in 5 seconds. What is the power output of the machine?

Accepted Answer

Power = Work / Time = 1000 J / 5 s = 200 W.

Question 16

A force of 50 N is applied to an object with a mass of 10 kg. What is the acceleration produced in the object according to Newton's Second Law?

Accepted Answer

Using F = ma, we get a = F/m = 50/10 = 5 m/s².

Question 17

A car accelerates uniformly from rest and reaches a velocity of 20 m/s in 5 seconds. What is the acceleration of the car?

Accepted Answer

Using the formula a = (v - u) / t, where v = 20 m/s, u = 0, and t = 5 s, we get a = 20/5 = 4 m/s².

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of light that proves it travels in straight lines?

Accepted Answer

Sharp, well-defined shadows are formed when light from a point source travels in straight lines and is blocked by an opaque object.

Question 19

According to Newton's First Law of Motion, an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force. What is this property called?

Accepted Answer

Inertia is the property of matter that resists changes in motion or rest, which is exactly what Newton's First Law describes.

Question 20

A screw with a pitch of 2 mm is rotated 10 complete turns to fasten it into wood. What is the linear displacement of the screw?

Accepted Answer

Linear displacement = Pitch × Number of turns = 2 mm × 10 = 20 mm.

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