Question 1

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: The invention of the printing press by Gutenberg in the 15th century revolutionised the spread of information.
Q: Before this invention, books were copied by hand, making them expensive and rare.
R: Suddenly, knowledge could be mass-produced and distributed to a much wider audience.
S: This technological breakthrough laid the foundation for the modern information age.

Which of the following is the correct arrangement?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-Q-R-S. Sentence P introduces the main event (invention of printing press). Sentence Q provides historical context by explaining the 'before' situation. Sentence R explains the immediate consequence using 'Suddenly'. Sentence S provides the broader significance. This creates a chronological and causal flow: event → context → immediate effect → long-term impact.

Question 2

The opening sentence of a paragraph is given below. Arrange the following sentences (P, Q, R, S) in the correct order to complete the paragraph.

Opening: 'Renewable energy sources are becoming increasingly important in the global effort to combat climate change.'

P: Solar panels and wind turbines can generate electricity without producing harmful greenhouse gases.
Q: However, the transition to renewable energy requires significant investment in infrastructure and technology.
R: Countries around the world are now investing heavily in these clean energy alternatives.
S: This shift represents a crucial step towards a sustainable future.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-R-Q-S. After the opening statement about renewable energy's importance, P logically follows by explaining the key advantage (no greenhouse gases). R then shows the practical response to this advantage (countries investing). Q introduces a counterpoint or complication (the cost and infrastructure challenge), which is a natural progression in balanced discussion. S concludes by reaffirming the overall significance despite the challenges. The paragraph moves from benefit → action → challenge → conclusion.

Question 3

The opening sentence of a paragraph is given below. Arrange the following sentences (P, Q, R, S) in the correct order to complete the paragraph.

Opening: 'Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges facing humanity today.'

P: Rising global temperatures are causing glaciers to melt and sea levels to rise.
Q: Governments and individuals must work together to reduce carbon emissions.
R: These environmental changes threaten food security and displace millions of people.
S: Scientists have provided overwhelming evidence that human activities are the primary cause.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is S-P-R-Q. After the opening statement about climate change being a challenge, S logically follows by establishing the scientific basis (evidence of human causation). P then describes the specific physical effects (melting glaciers, rising seas). R extends this by explaining the human consequences of those physical changes (food insecurity, displacement). Q concludes by proposing the necessary action (government and individual cooperation). The paragraph moves from cause → physical effect → human impact → solution.

Question 4

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: The monsoon season brings heavy rainfall to the Indian subcontinent.
Q: Farmers depend on these rains to irrigate their crops and ensure a good harvest.
R: However, excessive rainfall can sometimes lead to flooding and crop damage.
S: This makes the monsoon both a blessing and a curse for agricultural communities.

Which of the following is the correct arrangement?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-Q-R-S. Sentence P introduces the monsoon phenomenon. Sentence Q explains the positive impact (farmers depend on it). Sentence R introduces a contrasting point using 'However' (negative impact). Sentence S concludes by synthesising both perspectives. This creates a balanced argument structure: introduction → benefit → drawback → balanced conclusion.

Question 5

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: The monsoon season brings heavy rainfall to the Indian subcontinent every year.
Q: This rainfall is essential for agriculture, as it fills reservoirs and irrigates farmland.
R: However, excessive rainfall sometimes causes devastating floods in low-lying areas.
S: Farmers and governments must work together to manage water resources effectively.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-Q-R-S. Sentence P introduces the monsoon phenomenon. Q explains its positive impact (agricultural importance). R presents a contrasting negative consequence (floods). S concludes with a practical solution (management cooperation). This follows a balanced argument structure: phenomenon → benefit → risk → action needed.

Question 6

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: Regular exercise has been proven to improve both physical and mental health.
Q: People who exercise consistently report higher levels of happiness and lower stress.
R: Despite these benefits, many individuals struggle to maintain a regular fitness routine.
S: Setting realistic goals and finding an enjoyable activity can help overcome this challenge.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-Q-R-S. Sentence P makes the main claim about exercise benefits. Q provides specific evidence (mental health aspect). R introduces a contrasting problem (difficulty maintaining routine). S offers a solution to the problem raised in R. This follows a problem-solution structure: claim → evidence → problem → solution.

Question 7

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: The Internet has transformed the way people communicate and access information globally.
Q: Email, social media, and instant messaging have replaced traditional forms of communication like letters and phone calls.
R: This shift has made communication faster and more convenient, but it has also created new challenges such as cyberbullying and misinformation.
S: Despite these drawbacks, the Internet remains an indispensable tool for modern society.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-Q-R-S. Sentence P introduces the main topic (Internet's transformative impact). Sentence Q provides specific examples of how communication has changed. Sentence R acknowledges both benefits and drawbacks using 'but' to show contrast. Sentence S concludes with an overall assessment using 'Despite these drawbacks'. This follows: introduction → specific examples → balanced analysis (benefits and problems) → conclusion.

Question 8

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: The ancient library of Alexandria was one of the most significant centres of learning in the classical world.

Q: Scholars from across the Mediterranean region travelled there to study mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy.
R: Unfortunately, the library was destroyed over several centuries due to wars, fires, and neglect.
S: Its vast collection of scrolls and manuscripts represented the accumulated knowledge of many civilisations.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-S-Q-R. Sentence P introduces the main subject (Alexandria library) and establishes its importance. Sentence S elaborates on what made it significant by describing its collection. Sentence Q explains the consequence of that significance—scholars travelled there to access this knowledge. Sentence R provides a contrasting conclusion about the library's eventual fate. This sequence follows a logical progression: introduction → description of contents → impact on scholars → ultimate destruction.

Question 9

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges facing humanity today.
Q: Rising temperatures are causing glaciers to melt and sea levels to rise.
R: These environmental changes threaten the habitats of countless species and human settlements alike.
S: Scientists agree that immediate action is required to reduce carbon emissions and prevent further damage.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-Q-R-S. Sentence P introduces the main topic (climate change as a challenge). Sentence Q provides specific evidence of climate change (rising temperatures, melting glaciers). Sentence R explains the consequences of these changes (habitat and settlement threats). Sentence S concludes with the necessary response. This follows: problem identification → evidence → consequences → solution/action required.

Question 10

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges facing humanity today.
Q: Rising global temperatures are causing glaciers to melt and sea levels to rise.
R: These environmental changes threaten ecosystems and human settlements in vulnerable regions.
S: International cooperation and sustainable practices are essential to mitigate these effects.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-Q-R-S. Sentence P identifies climate change as a major challenge. Q provides a specific mechanism (temperature rise causing melting). R explains the consequences (threats to ecosystems and settlements). S proposes a solution (international cooperation and sustainability). This follows a cause-effect-solution structure: problem identification → cause/mechanism → effects/consequences → proposed action.

Question 11

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: Artificial intelligence has revolutionised many industries in recent years.
Q: Machine learning algorithms can now analyse vast amounts of data faster than humans ever could.
R: This technological advancement has raised concerns about job displacement and privacy issues.
S: Nevertheless, experts believe that AI will create new opportunities and roles in the workforce.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-Q-R-S. Sentence P introduces AI as a revolutionary force. Q provides a specific example of how AI works (machine learning capability). R presents the concerns this raises (job displacement, privacy). S offers a counterargument and hopeful perspective (new opportunities). This follows a balanced discussion structure: introduction → mechanism/evidence → concerns → counterargument.

Question 12

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges facing humanity today.
Q: Rising global temperatures are causing glaciers to melt and sea levels to rise.
R: These environmental changes threaten the survival of many species and human communities alike.
S: Urgent action is needed to reduce carbon emissions and transition to renewable energy sources.

Which of the following is the correct arrangement?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-Q-R-S. Sentence P introduces the main problem (climate change). Sentence Q provides specific evidence of the problem (rising temperatures, melting glaciers). Sentence R explains the consequences of these changes. Sentence S proposes the necessary action. This creates a problem-evidence-consequence-solution structure that is logically coherent.

Question 13

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: Regular exercise has been proven to improve both physical and mental health.
Q: People who exercise consistently report higher levels of happiness and lower stress.
R: Moreover, physical activity strengthens the heart and increases overall fitness.
S: Therefore, incorporating exercise into your daily routine is essential for wellbeing.

Which of the following is the correct arrangement?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-Q-R-S. Sentence P makes the main claim about exercise benefits. Sentence Q provides evidence for mental health benefits. Sentence R provides evidence for physical health benefits (using 'Moreover' to add another point). Sentence S concludes with a recommendation using 'Therefore'. This creates a logical structure: claim → evidence (mental) → evidence (physical) → conclusion.

Question 14

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: The invention of the printing press by Gutenberg in the 15th century revolutionised the spread of information.
Q: Before this invention, books were copied by hand, making them extremely rare and expensive.
R: Suddenly, knowledge became accessible to ordinary people, not just the wealthy elite.
S: This technological breakthrough paved the way for the modern information age.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-Q-R-S. Sentence P introduces the invention and its revolutionary impact. Sentence Q provides historical context by explaining the situation before the printing press. Sentence R shows the immediate consequence of this invention using 'Suddenly'. Sentence S concludes by explaining the long-term significance. This follows: introduction → historical background → immediate effect → long-term consequence.

Question 15

The opening sentence of a paragraph is given below. Arrange the following sentences (P, Q, R, S) in the correct order to complete the paragraph.

Opening: 'The invention of the printing press in the 15th century revolutionised the spread of knowledge.'

P: Before this innovation, books were painstakingly copied by hand, making them extremely rare and expensive.
Q: This democratisation of information laid the foundation for the modern world.
R: Suddenly, multiple copies of the same text could be produced quickly and affordably.
S: As a result, literacy rates increased dramatically across Europe.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-R-S-Q. After the opening sentence about the printing press's revolutionary impact, P logically follows by explaining the 'before' scenario (hand-copying). R then describes what the printing press enabled (quick, affordable copies), which directly contrasts with P. S follows naturally as a consequence of R (increased literacy from affordability). Q concludes by summarising the broader significance of this chain of events. The flow moves from problem → solution → immediate effect → long-term impact.

Question 16

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: The ancient library of Alexandria was one of the greatest centres of learning in the classical world.

Q: Scholars from across the Mediterranean region travelled to Alexandria to study mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy.
R: Unfortunately, the library was destroyed over several centuries through fire, conquest, and neglect.
S: It housed hundreds of thousands of scrolls and employed numerous translators and copyists.

Which of the following is the correct arrangement?

a) P, S, Q, R
b) P, Q, S, R
c) Q, P, S, R
d) P, R, Q, S

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P, S, Q, R. Sentence P introduces the subject (Alexandria library) and establishes it as a great centre of learning. Sentence S provides specific details about what the library contained (scrolls, translators, copyists), naturally following the introduction. Sentence Q explains the consequence of its importance—scholars travelled there to study specific subjects. Sentence R provides the concluding information about the library's eventual destruction, creating a logical narrative arc from establishment → description → significance → decline. Option (a) is correct because it follows the natural progression of: introduction → physical details → impact/significance → historical outcome.

Question 17

Choose the most appropriate sentence to complete the following paragraph.

Reading is one of the best habits a person can develop. It not only improves vocabulary and language skills but also broadens one's perspective on life. People who read regularly are found to be more empathetic and creative. ______________________.

Accepted Answer

The paragraph discusses the benefits of reading — vocabulary, perspective, empathy, and creativity. The final sentence should logically conclude by reinforcing why reading should be encouraged or summarising its overall value. Option (b) does this perfectly by urging people to make reading a daily habit, which flows naturally from the listed benefits. Option (a) talks about television, which is off-topic. Option (c) introduces the idea of writing, which shifts focus. Option (d) mentions libraries but does not conclude the paragraph's argument about the benefits of reading.

Question 18

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: The monsoon season brings heavy rainfall to the Indian subcontinent every year.
Q: Farmers depend entirely on these rains for irrigation and crop cultivation.
R: However, excessive rainfall sometimes causes devastating floods in low-lying areas.
S: This natural phenomenon is essential for agriculture and the survival of millions.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-S-Q-R. Sentence P introduces the monsoon and its timing. Sentence S explains why it matters (essential for agriculture and survival). Sentence Q provides specific evidence of this importance by mentioning farmer dependence. Sentence R introduces a contrasting point using 'However', showing the negative aspect. This structure follows: introduction → importance → specific example → limitation/problem.

Question 19

Arrange the following sentences in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

P: The ancient library of Alexandria was one of the most important centres of learning in the classical world.
Q: Scholars from across the Mediterranean travelled to study its vast collection of scrolls and manuscripts.
R: Unfortunately, the library was destroyed through a series of fires and conflicts over several centuries.
S: Today, a modern library has been built on the same site to honour its legacy.

Which of the following is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-Q-R-S. Sentence P introduces the library and its significance. Q follows logically by explaining why it was important (scholars came to study). R continues the narrative by describing what happened to it (destruction). S concludes by explaining the modern restoration. This creates a complete historical narrative: introduction → importance → decline → modern legacy.

Question 20

The following paragraph has been divided into four sentences (P, Q, R, S). Arrange them in the correct order to form a coherent paragraph.

Fixed opening: P: The industrial revolution fundamentally transformed human society by introducing mechanised production and factory systems.

Q: Workers migrated from rural areas to urban centres in search of employment, leading to rapid urbanisation.
R: However, this progress came at a significant social cost, as labourers endured harsh working conditions and long hours.
S: These technological advances increased productivity and wealth accumulation for factory owners and merchants.

Which of the following is the correct arrangement?

A) P-S-Q-R
B) P-Q-R-S
C) P-R-S-Q
D) P-S-R-Q

Accepted Answer

The correct order is P-S-Q-R (Option A).

Logical flow:
- P (given): Introduces the industrial revolution and its mechanism (mechanised production).
- S: Explains the immediate positive consequence—increased productivity and wealth for owners. This naturally follows the introduction of the system.
- Q: Describes the human response to these economic changes—migration to cities for jobs. This follows logically from S's mention of economic opportunity.
- R: Introduces the counterpoint ('However') to the progress mentioned in S and Q, revealing the negative social impact. The contrast word 'However' signals a shift from positive outcomes to negative consequences.

Why other options fail:
- Option B (P-Q-R-S): Places Q before S, but Q (migration) is a response to economic opportunity, which S explains. Cause must precede effect.
- Option C (P-R-S-Q): Places R (negative consequences) immediately after P, before explaining the positive outcomes in S. This disrupts the logical progression from cause to effect.
- Option D (P-S-R-Q): Places R before Q, but R's 'However' clause requires the full context of both S and Q (the progress) before introducing the counterargument.

CISF Constable Para Completion

Para Completion— Rules & Concept

Key Points to Remember

Exam-Specific Tips

Para Completion — Practice Questions

60-Second Revision — Para Completion