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International Summits & Meetings

IBPS PO · General Awareness

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Core Concept

Read this first — the foundation of the topic

→Core Concept

International summits are high-level diplomatic meetings. They can be bilateral (between two countries) or multilateral (involving multiple nations). Major types include G7, G20, BRICS, ASEAN, SAARC, and specialized summits like COP (Climate), WEF (World Economic Forum)

→Economic Summits

G7, G20, WEF focus on global economy 2

→Regional Groups

SAARC (South Asia), ASEAN (Southeast Asia), EU (Europe) 3

→Issue-specific

COP for climate, NPT Review for nuclear issues 4

→Annual Meetings

UN General Assembly, IMF-World Bank meetings

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Exam Patterns

What examiners ask — read before attempting PYQs

SSC asks about host countries, founding years, headquarters, member countries, and recent summit outcomes. Questions often test which country hosted the latest summit or when an organization was established. Shortcut Trick - BRICS Memory Aid: 'Big Rich Industries Create Success' - Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa. Remember the order by economic size historically.

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Worked Example

Solve this step-by-step before moving on

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Step 1

Recall G20 presidency rotates annually

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Step 2

Remember India held G20 presidency in 2023

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Step 3

India hosted the summit in New Delhi in September 2023

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Step 4

The theme was 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' (One Earth, One Family, One Future) Answer: India Another Memory Trick: For SAARC countries, use 'Big Man Planned A Small Birthday Party Nepal' - Bangladesh, Maldives, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Pakistan, Nepal (with India as the big member). Common Pattern: Recent summit questions focus on the host country and year. G20 follows alphabetical rotation among members. BRICS expansion in 2023 added Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and UAE as new members. Frequent Exam Areas: - G20 presidency rotation and host cities - BRICS expansion and new members - SAARC summit frequency (every 2 years) - COP summit numbers and host countries - Regional organization headquarters Common Mistake: Students confuse G7 and G20 membership. G7 has 7 developed nations (US, UK, Germany, France, Italy, Japan, Canada) while G20 includes G7 plus 12 emerging economies plus EU. Also, many forget that Russia was suspended from G8 (now G7) after 2014. Tip: Focus on the most recent 2-3 summits for each major organization, as current affairs blend with static knowledge in this topic.

🔑 Key Points

G20 comprises 19 countries plus European Union, representing 85% of global GDP
BRICS expanded from 5 to 10 members in 2023 with addition of Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, UAE
SAARC has 8 member countries in South Asia with headquarters in Kathmandu, Nepal
G7 consists of world's seven most advanced economies: US, UK, Germany, France, Italy, Japan, Canada
COP summits are annual climate conferences numbered sequentially (COP28 in Dubai 2023)
ASEAN has 10 Southeast Asian members with headquarters in Jakarta, Indonesia
World Economic Forum annual meeting takes place in Davos, Switzerland every January
UN General Assembly meets annually in September at UN Headquarters in New York

📌 Exam Facts

India hosted G20 Summit in New Delhi in September 2023
SAARC was established in 1985 with headquarters in Kathmandu, Nepal
BRICS was formed in 2009, originally as BRIC, South Africa joined in 2010
G7 was formed in 1975, originally G6, Canada joined in 1976
ASEAN was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand
World Economic Forum was founded in 1971 by Klaus Schwab
COP1 was held in Berlin in 1995, COP28 was held in Dubai in 2023
SAARC Summit is held every two years among South Asian nations

🚀 60-Second Revision

Remember: India hosted G20 in 2023, theme was 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam'
BRICS trick: Big Rich Industries Create Success - Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa
Key headquarters: SAARC-Kathmandu, ASEAN-Jakarta, WEF-Geneva
Numbers: G7 has 7 members, G20 has 19+EU, SAARC has 8, ASEAN has 10
Timeline: ASEAN (1967), G7 (1975), SAARC (1985), BRICS (2009)
Trap: Don't confuse G7 and G20 membership or mix up summit years
Focus: Latest 2-3 summits of each organization for current pattern questions

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