Question 1

The population of a town decreased from 50,000 to 40,000. What is the percentage decrease in population?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Calculate the decrease = 50,000 - 40,000 = 10,000. Step 2: Apply percentage decrease formula: (10,000 / 50,000) × 100 = (1/5) × 100 = 20%. Therefore, the percentage decrease is 20%.

Question 2

A shopkeeper reduced the price of an item from ₹800 to ₹600. What is the percentage decrease?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Calculate the decrease = 800 - 600 = ₹200. Step 2: Apply percentage decrease formula: (Decrease / Original) × 100 = (200 / 800) × 100 = 25%. Therefore, the percentage decrease is 25%.

Question 3

A salary was reduced by 20%. If the reduced salary is ₹12,000, what was the original salary?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: If salary is reduced by 20%, the new salary is 80% of the original. Step 2: Let original salary = x. Then 80% of x = 12,000. Step 3: (80/100) × x = 12,000. Step 4: x = 12,000 × (100/80) = 12,000 × 1.25 = ₹15,000. Therefore, the original salary was ₹15,000.

Question 4

The price of a commodity increased from ₹400 to ₹500. What is the percentage increase in price?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Calculate the increase in price = 500 - 400 = ₹100. Step 2: Apply percentage change formula: (Change / Original) × 100 = (100 / 400) × 100 = 25%. Therefore, the percentage increase is 25%.

Question 5

A product's cost increased by 30%. If the original cost was ₹1,000, what is the new cost?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Calculate the increase amount = 30% of 1,000 = (30/100) × 1,000 = ₹300. Step 2: New cost = Original cost + Increase = 1,000 + 300 = ₹1,300. Therefore, the new cost is ₹1,300.

Question 6

A product's price was reduced by 30%, and then the new price was increased by 30%. If the final price is ₹819, what was the original price?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let original price = P. After 30% reduction: P × 0.70. Step 2: After 30% increase on reduced price: P × 0.70 × 1.30 = P × 0.91. Step 3: P × 0.91 = 819, so P = 819/0.91 = 900. Therefore, the original price was ₹900.

Question 7

A company's revenue increased by 20% in Q1 and by 25% in Q2. If the revenue at the end of Q2 was ₹3,00,000, what was the initial revenue at the start of Q1?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let initial revenue = R. After 20% increase in Q1: R × 1.20. Step 2: After 25% increase in Q2: R × 1.20 × 1.25 = R × 1.50. Step 3: R × 1.50 = 3,00,000, so R = 3,00,000/1.50 = 2,00,000. Therefore, the initial revenue was ₹2,00,000.

Question 8

A shopkeeper marks goods at 40% above cost price. He then offers a discount of 25% on the marked price. What is his profit or loss percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let cost price (CP) = 100. Marked price (MP) = 100 × 1.40 = 140. Step 2: Selling price (SP) after 25% discount = 140 × 0.75 = 105. Step 3: Profit = SP − CP = 105 − 100 = 5. Step 4: Profit % = (5/100) × 100 = 5%. Therefore, profit is 5%.

Question 9

A student's marks increased from 45 to 54. What is the percentage increase in marks?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Initial marks = 45, Final marks = 54. Step 2: Increase = 54 − 45 = 9. Step 3: Percentage increase = (Increase/Initial) × 100 = (9/45) × 100 = 20%. Therefore, the percentage increase is 20%.

Question 10

The population of a town was 80,000 in 2020. It increased by 15% in 2021 and then decreased by 10% in 2022. What was the population at the end of 2022?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Population in 2020 = 80,000. Step 2: After 15% increase in 2021: 80,000 × 1.15 = 92,000. Step 3: After 10% decrease in 2022: 92,000 × 0.90 = 82,800. Therefore, the population at the end of 2022 was 82,800.

Question 11

The price of a commodity increases by 25% in the first year and then decreases by 20% in the second year. What is the net percentage change in price over the two years?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let initial price = 100. After 25% increase: 100 × 1.25 = 125. Step 2: After 20% decrease on 125: 125 × 0.80 = 100. Step 3: Net change = (100 - 100)/100 × 100 = 0%. Therefore, the net percentage change is 0%.

Question 12

A retailer buys goods at a cost price and marks them up by 60%. He then offers a discount of 25% on the marked price. Later, due to a clearance sale, he reduces the discounted price by another 20%. If the final selling price is ₹1,152, what was the original cost price?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let cost price = CP. Marked price = CP × 1.60. Step 2: Price after 25% discount = CP × 1.60 × 0.75 = CP × 1.20. Step 3: Price after 20% reduction = CP × 1.20 × 0.80 = CP × 0.96. Step 4: CP × 0.96 = 1,152. Step 5: CP = 1,152 / 0.96 = ₹1,200. Therefore, the original cost price was ₹1,200.

Question 13

A product's price increases by 15% in Quarter 1, then by 12% in Quarter 2. In Quarter 3, the price is reduced such that it becomes equal to the original price. What is the percentage reduction in Quarter 3?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: After Q1 and Q2, price multiplier = 1.15 × 1.12 = 1.288. Step 2: Let original price = P, then price after Q2 = 1.288P. Step 3: For Q3 reduction to bring price back to P: 1.288P × (1 − x) = P, where x is the reduction rate. Step 4: 1 − x = 1/1.288 = 0.7766. Step 5: x = 1 − 0.7766 = 0.2234 = 22.34%. Therefore, the reduction is approximately 22.34%.

Question 14

A company's revenue was ₹50 lakhs in 2022. In 2023, revenue increased by 30%. In 2024, due to market conditions, revenue decreased by 24%. What is the percentage change in revenue from 2022 to 2024?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Revenue in 2023 = 50 × 1.30 = ₹65 lakhs. Step 2: Revenue in 2024 = 65 × 0.76 = ₹49.4 lakhs. Step 3: Percentage change = [(49.4 − 50) / 50] × 100 = (−0.6 / 50) × 100 = −1.2%. Therefore, revenue decreased by 1.2%.

Question 15

A student's test score increased by 40% from Test 1 to Test 2. From Test 2 to Test 3, the score decreased by 30%. If the score in Test 3 is 392 marks, and the maximum marks for each test is 500, what was the percentage of marks obtained in Test 1?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let Test 1 score = S. Test 2 score = S × 1.40. Step 2: Test 3 score = S × 1.40 × 0.70 = S × 0.98. Step 3: S × 0.98 = 392. Step 4: S = 392 / 0.98 = 400. Step 5: Percentage in Test 1 = (400 / 500) × 100 = 80%. Therefore, the percentage of marks obtained in Test 1 was 80%.

Question 16

A shopkeeper increases the price of an item by 25% in the first month. In the second month, he decreases the new price by 20%. In the third month, he increases the resulting price by 10%. If the original price was ₹800, what is the final price after all three changes?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: After 25% increase: 800 × 1.25 = ₹1000. Step 2: After 20% decrease: 1000 × 0.80 = ₹800. Step 3: After 10% increase: 800 × 1.10 = ₹880. Therefore, the final price is ₹880.

IBPS RRB PO Percentage Change

IBPS RRB PO Percentage Change — Past Exam Questions

Percentage Change— Rules & Concept

Key Points to Remember

Exam-Specific Tips

60-Second Revision — Percentage Change