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RBI Assistant Deposits & Loans

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This page covers RBI Assistant Deposits & Loans with complete concept notes, 10 graded practice MCQs, key points and exam-specific tips. Free to study.

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Concept Notes

Deposits & Loans— Rules & Concept

1.Core Concept

Read this first — the foundation of the topic
There are four main types

1. Savings Account: Basic account with low interest (3-4% annually). Minimum balance required. 2. Current Account: For businesses. No interest paid. Higher charges. 3. Fixed Deposit (FD): Money locked for fixed period.

Higher interest rates (5-7%). Cannot withdraw before maturity without penalty. 4. Recurring Deposit (RD): Monthly fixed amount deposited. Good for small savers. LOANS - Core Concept Loans are money given by banks to customers who pay interest. Banks charge higher rates than they pay on deposits

Main types

1. Personal Loan: Unsecured, high interest (10-15%) 2. Home Loan: Secured by property, low interest (8-10%) 3. Car Loan: Secured by vehicle (9-12%) 4. Business Loan: For commercial purposes **

2.Formula Block

Memorise — at least one formula appears in every paper
Simple Interest = (Principal × Rate × Time) / 100
Compound Interest = P[(1 + R/100)^n - 1]
EMI = P × R × (1+R)^n / [(1+R)^n - 1]
Where P = Principal, R = Rate per month, n = number of months

Block**

3.Exam Patterns

What examiners ask — read before attempting PYQs

Recognition IBPS PO always asks: Types of deposits, Interest calculation, Loan categories, Banking terms, RBI guidelines on deposits/loans, Maturity calculations, Penalty charges, Documentation required. Shortcut #1 - Quick Interest Calculation For Simple Interest problems: Use 72 Rule To find years to double money: 72 ÷ Interest Rate Example: At 8% interest, money doubles in 72÷8 = 9 years

4.Worked Example

Solve this step-by-step before moving on
1
Step 1

Principal (P) = Rs 50,000

2
Step 2

Rate (R) = 6% per annum

3
Step 3

Time (T) = 2 years

4
Step 4

Simple Interest = (50,000 × 6 × 2) ÷ 100 = Rs 6,000

5
Step 5

Maturity Amount = Principal + Interest = 50,000 + 6,000 = Rs 56,000 Worked Example 2: EMI Calculation Home loan of Rs 10,00,000 for 20 years at 8% annual interest. Find monthly EMI.

1
Step 1

P = Rs 10,00,000

2
Step 2

R = 8% annually = 8÷12 = 0.67% monthly = 0.0067

3
Step 3

n = 20 years = 240 months

4
Step 4

EMI = 1000000 × 0.0067 × (1.0067)^240 ÷ [(1.0067)^240 - 1]

5
Step 5

EMI = Rs 8,364 (approximately) Shortcut #2 - Quick EMI Estimation For rough EMI calculation: Loan Amount ÷ 100, then multiply by factor 8% for 20 years: Factor = 0.84 9% for 15 years: Factor = 1.01 10% for 10 years: Factor = 1.32 **

5.Exam Traps

Common mistakes students make — avoid these

** Students confuse Simple Interest with Compound Interest in FD calculations. Most bank FDs use Simple Interest, NOT Compound Interest. Always check the question carefully.

Banks mention specifically if it's compound interest. Shortcut #3 - Deposit Types Memory SCFR Rule: Savings-Current-Fixed-Recurring Interest order: Fixed > Recurring > Savings > Current (zero) Liquidity order: Current > Savings > Recurring > Fixed

Key Points to Remember

  • Banks earn profit from interest rate difference between deposits and loans
  • Fixed Deposits give highest interest but money is locked for specific period
  • Current accounts are for businesses and earn zero interest
  • Personal loans have highest interest rates as they are unsecured
  • Formula: Simple Interest = (P × R × T) ÷ 100
  • EMI Formula: P × R × (1+R)^n ÷ [(1+R)^n - 1]
  • 72 Rule: Years to double money = 72 ÷ Interest Rate
  • Home loans have lowest rates because property acts as security
  • Recurring deposits require monthly fixed payments unlike Fixed deposits
  • Premature FD withdrawal attracts penalty of 0.5-1% interest reduction

Exam-Specific Tips

  • Minimum FD amount in most banks is Rs 1,000
  • Current account requires minimum balance of Rs 10,000-25,000 in most banks
  • Savings account interest is calculated daily and credited quarterly
  • Senior citizens get 0.5% extra interest on Fixed Deposits
  • RBI allows banks to set their own deposit and lending rates since 2011
  • Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) on FD interest above Rs 40,000 annually
  • Home loan maximum tenure is typically 30 years in Indian banks
  • Personal loan maximum amount is usually 10-15 times monthly salary
Practice MCQs

Deposits & Loans — Practice Questions

10graded MCQs · easy to hard · full solution & trap analysis

All MCQs →
Practice 1easy

Under the Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Scheme (DICGC), what is the maximum amount of deposit protection per depositor per bank?

Practice 2easy

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Fixed Deposit (Time Deposit) offered by banks?

Practice 3easy

What is the primary difference between a Secured Loan and an Unsecured Loan in banking?

Practice 4easy

Which of the following best describes a Demand Deposit in banking?

Practice 5easy

What is the primary purpose of the Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) requirement imposed by RBI on scheduled commercial banks?

Practice 6hard

A bank customer avails a 'Loan Against Securities' (LAS) facility where the bank lends against a pledge of government securities. The Loan-to-Value (LTV) ratio is set at 85%. If the customer pledges securities worth ₹10 lakh, what is the maximum loan amount, and which RBI guideline governs LAS operations?

Practice 7hard

A bank customer deposits ₹50 lakh in a Fixed Deposit (FD) with a maturity of 2 years. Under the Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC) scheme, what is the maximum insured amount, and which RBI Act provision governs DICGC operations?

Practice 8hard

Under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, a bank's Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) requirement mandates that banks maintain a minimum percentage of their Net Demand and Time Liabilities (NDTL) in the form of liquid assets. Which of the following is NOT a permissible component for SLR compliance?

Practice 9hard

A bank offers a 'Floating Rate Term Deposit' where the interest rate is reset quarterly based on the bank's Marginal Cost of Funds Based Lending Rate (MCLR). If the current MCLR is 7.15% and the bank adds a spread of 1.25%, what is the deposit rate, and under which RBI framework is MCLR mandated?

Practice 10hard

A bank grants a 'Priority Sector Lending' (PSL) loan to a small-scale industry (SSI) for ₹40 lakh at 9.5% per annum. Under RBI guidelines, what is the minimum percentage of a bank's Adjusted Net Bank Credit (ANBC) that must be allocated to Priority Sector, and which RBI circular prescribes this requirement?

60-Second Revision — Deposits & Loans

  • Remember: FD gives highest deposit interest, Current account gives zero
  • Formula: SI = PRT/100, Use 72 rule for doubling time
  • Trap: Most FDs use Simple Interest, not Compound Interest
  • Remember: Secured loans (home/car) have lower rates than personal loans
  • Key fact: TDS applies on FD interest above Rs 40,000 per year
  • Remember: EMI depends on Principal, Rate and Tenure - higher tenure means lower EMI
  • Important: Senior citizens get extra 0.5% interest on deposits
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