RRB Group D Prism & Pyramid

Prism: Imagine a 2D shape (circle, triangle, square) stretched straight up. The top and bottom are identical. All sides are rectangles or parallelograms

cylinder (circular prism), triangular prism, cube

Imagine a 2D shape as the base, then draw lines from every edge to a single point above. The sides are all triangles

triangular pyramid (tetrahedron), square pyramid, pentagonal pyramid

• Volume = Base Area × Height • Lateral Surface Area = Perimeter of Base × Height • Total Surface Area = 2(Base Area) + Lateral Surface Area • The bases are always parallel and congruent (identical) KEY RULES FOR PYRAMID: • Volume = (1/3) × Base Area × Height • Lateral Surface Area = (1/2) × Perimeter of Base × Slant Height • Total Surface Area = Base Area + Lateral Surface Area • All lateral faces are triangles meeting at apex

(1) Volume comparisons between prism and pyramid with same base and height. (2) Surface area of square pyramids or triangular prisms. (3) Height/slant height relationships. (4) Word problems combining area and volume

For same base and height: Volume of Pyramid = (1/3) × Volume of Prism. This is THE most tested relationship. If a prism has volume 90 cm³, pyramid with same base and height has volume 30 cm³.