Question 1

The population of a city was 500,000 in 2020. It increased by 20% in 2021 and then decreased by 10% in 2022. What is the population at the end of 2022?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Population after 20% increase in 2021 = 500,000 × 1.20 = 600,000. Step 2: Population after 10% decrease in 2022 = 600,000 × 0.90 = 540,000. Therefore, the population at the end of 2022 is 540,000.

Question 2

In a town, the male population is 60% of the total. If the female population is 8,000, what is the total population of the town?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: If males are 60%, then females are 40% of total population. Step 2: Let total population = P. Then 40% of P = 8,000. Step 3: 0.40 × P = 8,000. Step 4: P = 8,000 ÷ 0.40 = 20,000. Therefore, total population is 20,000.

Question 3

The population of a district increased by 25% in the first year and by 20% in the second year. If the population at the end of the second year is 3,60,000, what was the initial population?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let initial population = P. After 25% increase in year 1: P × 1.25. Step 2: After 20% increase in year 2: P × 1.25 × 1.20 = P × 1.50. Step 3: P × 1.50 = 3,60,000. Step 4: P = 3,60,000 ÷ 1.50 = 2,40,000. Therefore, initial population was 2,40,000.

Question 4

In a city, 45% of the population are children and 30% are elderly. If there are 50,000 working-age adults, what is the total population of the city?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Percentage of children = 45%, percentage of elderly = 30%. Step 2: Percentage of working-age adults = 100% - 45% - 30% = 25%. Step 3: Working-age adults = 50,000 = 25% of total population. Step 4: Total population = 50,000 ÷ 0.25 = 2,00,000. Therefore, total population is 2,00,000.

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