RRB NTPC Data Sufficiency — Maths — Study Material, 11 PYQs & Practice MCQs | ZestExam
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RRB NTPC Data Sufficiency — Maths
Study Material — 11 PYQs (2023–2023) · Concept Notes · Shortcuts
RRB NTPC Data Sufficiency — Maths is a frequently tested subtopic — 11 previous year questions from 2023–2023 papers are included below with concept notes, key rules and shortcut tricks.
What is the length of a rectangle?
Statement I: The perimeter of the rectangle is 50 cm.
Statement II: The breadth of the rectangle is 10 cm.
Exam Q 32023Previous Year Pattern
What is the average age of three friends A, B, and C?
Statement I: A's age is 24 years.
Statement II: B's age is 6 years more than A's age, and C's age is 3 years less than B's age.
Exam Q 42023Previous Year Pattern
Is the number x divisible by 12?
Statement I: x is divisible by 3 and 4.
Statement II: x is divisible by 6 and 8.
Exam Q 52023Previous Year Pattern
What is the cost price of an article?
Statement I: The article is sold at a profit of 25%.
Statement II: The selling price of the article is Rs. 500.
Exam Q 62023Previous Year Pattern
A rectangular garden has a perimeter of 100 meters. Statement I: The length of the garden is 30 meters. Statement II: The width of the garden is 20 meters. What is the area of the garden?
A) Statement I alone is sufficient
B) Statement II alone is sufficient
C) Both statements together are sufficient
D) Both statements together are not sufficient
Exam Q 72023Previous Year Pattern
A shopkeeper sells two types of items. The cost price of item A is Rs. 500 and the cost price of item B is Rs. 300. He sells item A at a profit of 20% and item B at a loss of 10%. Statement I: The selling price of item A is Rs. 600. Statement II: The selling price of item B is Rs. 270. What is the profit or loss percentage on the total transaction if he sells 5 units of A and 3 units of B?
A) Statement I alone is sufficient
B) Statement II alone is sufficient
C) Both statements together are sufficient
D) Both statements together are not sufficient
Exam Q 82023Previous Year Pattern
A train travels from City X to City Y. Statement I: The distance between X and Y is 480 km. Statement II: The train's average speed is 60 km/h. What is the time taken by the train to travel from X to Y?
A) Statement I alone is sufficient
B) Statement II alone is sufficient
C) Both statements together are sufficient
D) Both statements together are not sufficient
Exam Q 92023Previous Year Pattern
A mixture contains milk and water in a certain ratio. Statement I: The mixture contains 60 liters of milk. Statement II: The ratio of milk to water is 3:2. What is the total quantity of the mixture?
A) Statement I alone is sufficient
B) Statement II alone is sufficient
C) Both statements together are sufficient
D) Both statements together are not sufficient
Exam Q 102023Previous Year Pattern
A person invests money in two schemes: Scheme A offers 8% simple interest per annum, and Scheme B offers 6% simple interest per annum. Statement I: The person invests Rs. 5,000 in Scheme A. Statement II: The person invests Rs. 3,000 in Scheme B. What is the total interest earned after 2 years from both schemes combined?
A) Statement I alone is sufficient
B) Statement II alone is sufficient
C) Both statements together are sufficient
D) Both statements together are not sufficient
Exam Q 112023Previous Year Pattern
A shopkeeper sells three types of items: A, B, and C. The cost price of A is Rs. 100. Statement I: The profit percentage on A is 20%, and the profit on B is Rs. 30 more than the profit on A. Statement II: The selling price of C is Rs. 180, and the cost price of C is 25% less than the cost price of B. What is the cost price of B?
(A) Statement I alone is sufficient
(B) Statement II alone is sufficient
(C) Both statements together are sufficient
(D) Neither statement alone nor together is sufficient
Concept Notes
Data Sufficiency — Maths— Rules & Concept
💡
Core Concept
Read this first — the foundation of the topic
→Core Concept
Data Sufficiency questions give you a problem followed by two statements (I and II). Your job is to determine which statement(s) provide enough information to solve the problem
→You have 5 standard answer choices
(A) Statement I alone is sufficient, (B) Statement II alone is sufficient, (C) Both statements together are sufficient, (D) Each statement alone is sufficient, (E) Both statements together are insufficient
💡Key Rules
First, read the question carefully and identify what you need to find. Then examine each statement separately. Check if Statement I alone gives enough data. Next, check if Statement II alone gives enough data.
If neither works alone, see if combining both statements helps. Remember, you're not calculating the final answer - just checking if calculation is possible.
📊
Exam Patterns
What examiners ask — read before attempting PYQs
SSC CGL regularly tests data sufficiency with topics like ages, profit-loss, time-work, geometry, and averages. Common question types include finding unknown values, comparing quantities, or determining relationships between variables. Most questions follow the standard 5-option format.
⚡
Shortcuts
Use these to save 30–60 seconds per question
Use the 'Elimination Method'. Start by checking if each statement individually has enough unique information. If Statement I gives multiple possible answers, it's insufficient.
If Statement II also gives multiple answers, check if combining both narrows it to one answer. This saves time over detailed calculations.
✏️
Worked Example
Solve this step-by-step before moving on
1
Step 1
Identify what we need - Rahul's exact age.
2
Step 2
Check Statement I alone. 'Rahul is 5 years older than Priya' gives us R = P + 5, but we don't know P's value. This creates infinite possibilities. Statement I alone is insufficient.
3
Step 3
Check Statement II alone. 'Sum of ages is 35' gives us R + P = 35, but we don't know individual ages. Statement II alone is insufficient.
4
Step 4
Check both together. From I: R = P + 5. From II: R + P = 35. Substituting: (P + 5) + P = 35, so 2P = 30, P = 15, R = 20. Both statements together give unique answer.
Answer: (C) Both statements together are sufficient.
Common Mistake: Students often start calculating the complete answer instead of just checking sufficiency. Another trap is assuming additional information not given in statements. Stick only to provided data.
Key Points to Remember
Data sufficiency checks if given information can solve the problem, not the actual solution
Standard format has 5 answer choices about statement sufficiency combinations
Always test each statement individually before combining them
Insufficient means multiple answers are possible from given data
Sufficient means exactly one unique answer can be determined
Don't assume any information not explicitly stated in the statements
If both statements give same conclusion separately, answer is 'Each statement alone sufficient'
Focus on whether calculation is possible, not on doing the complete calculation
Exam-Specific Tips
SSC CGL typically includes 2-3 data sufficiency questions per paper
Standard answer format: (A) I alone, (B) II alone, (C) Both together, (D) Each alone, (E) Both insufficient
Most common topics tested are ages, profit-loss, time-work, and simple equations
Questions usually provide exactly 2 statements labeled as Statement I and Statement II
Data sufficiency questions carry same marks as regular quantitative aptitude questions
Time allocation should be 1-2 minutes per data sufficiency question
Geometry data sufficiency often involves finding area, perimeter, or angle measurements
Practice MCQs
Data Sufficiency — Maths — Practice Questions
5graded MCQs · easy to hard · full solution & trap analysis
Question: What is the two-digit number?
Statement I: The number is divisible by 9 and its tens digit is 3.
Statement II: The sum of the digits of the number is 9.
Choose the correct option:
(a) Statement I alone is sufficient but Statement II alone is not sufficient.
(b) Statement II alone is sufficient but Statement I alone is not sufficient.
(c) Both statements together are sufficient but neither alone is sufficient.
(d) Either statement alone is sufficient.
Practice 2hard
A rectangular garden has a perimeter of P meters. Statement I: The length is 5 meters more than the width. Statement II: The area of the garden is 84 square meters. What is the perimeter of the garden?
(A) Statement I alone is sufficient
(B) Statement II alone is sufficient
(C) Both statements together are sufficient
(D) Neither statement alone nor together is sufficient
Practice 3hard
A mixture contains milk and water. Statement I: The ratio of milk to water is 3:2, and the mixture weighs 100 liters. Statement II: The concentration of milk in the mixture is 60%. What is the quantity of milk in the mixture?
(A) Statement I alone is sufficient
(B) Statement II alone is sufficient
(C) Both statements together are sufficient
(D) Neither statement alone nor together is sufficient
Practice 4hard
A company has three employees: X, Y, and Z. Statement I: X's salary is 20% more than Y's salary, and Y's salary is 10% more than Z's salary. Statement II: The total salary of all three is Rs. 1,32,000. What is X's salary?
(A) Statement I alone is sufficient
(B) Statement II alone is sufficient
(C) Both statements together are sufficient
(D) Neither statement alone nor together is sufficient
Practice 5hard
A train travels from City P to City Q. Statement I: The train travels at 60 km/h for the first half of the distance and at 90 km/h for the second half of the distance. Statement II: The total time taken is 5 hours. What is the distance between City P and City Q?
(A) Statement I alone is sufficient
(B) Statement II alone is sufficient
(C) Both statements together are sufficient
(D) Neither statement alone nor together is sufficient
60-Second Revision — Data Sufficiency — Maths
Remember: Check each statement individually first, then combine if needed
Trap: Don't calculate final answers, only check if calculation is possible
Formula: Sufficient = exactly one unique answer possible
Strategy: Use elimination method to save time on complex calculations
Warning: Never assume information not explicitly given in statements
Pattern: Most SSC questions test basic arithmetic and algebra concepts