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RRB NTPC Human Body Systems

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This page covers RRB NTPC Human Body Systems with complete concept notes, 8 graded practice MCQs, key points and exam-specific tips. Free to study.

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Concept Notes

Human Body Systems— Rules & Concept

1.Core Concept

Read this first — the foundation of the topic
Blood has 4 components

RBC, WBC, Platelets, and Plasma. Normal heart rate is 72 beats per minute. Respiratory System handles gas exchange

Air travels

Nose → Trachea → Bronchi → Lungs → Alveoli. Oxygen enters blood, carbon dioxide exits. Normal breathing rate is 16-20 breaths per minute. Digestive System breaks down food. Path: Mouth → Esophagus → Stomach → Small Intestine → Large Intestine.

Stomach produces HCl acid. Small intestine absorbs nutrients. Liver produces bile. Nervous System controls body functions

Brain has 3 parts

Cerebrum (thinking), Cerebellum (balance), Medulla (breathing). Spinal cord connects brain to body. Neurons carry messages. Excretory System removes waste. Kidneys filter blood, produce urine.

Normal urine output is 1-2 liters daily. Skin removes waste through sweat. Skeletal System provides structure. Adult human has 206 bones. Bone marrow produces blood cells.

Joints allow movement

ARTERY vs VEIN trick

ARTeries carry blood Away from heaRt, VEins carry blood toward heart 2

Blood group compatibility

O negative is universal donor, AB positive is universal receiver 3

Vitamin deficiency diseases

A=Night blindness, B1=Beriberi, C=Scurvy, D=Rickets

2.Worked Example

Solve this step-by-step before moving on
1
Step 1

Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume × Heart Rate

2
Step 2

Cardiac Output = 70ml × 70 beats/minute

3
Step 3

Cardiac Output = 4900ml/minute = 4.9 liters/minute Worked Example 2: A person breathes 18 times per minute with 500ml air per breath. Calculate total air intake per hour.

1
Step 1

Air per minute = 18 breaths × 500ml = 9000ml

2
Step 2

Air per hour = 9000ml × 60 minutes = 540,000ml

3
Step 3

Air per hour = 540 liters Common Trap: Students confuse arteries and veins. Remember: Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood (exception to normal rule). Pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood. This exception appears in 60% of circulatory system questions.

3.Exam Patterns

What examiners ask — read before attempting PYQs

System functions appear in 40% questions, organ locations in 30%, diseases in 20%, and processes in 10%. Most questions test basic facts, not complex processes. Focus on memorizing key functions and organ names rather than detailed biochemistry.

Key Points to Remember

  • Human body has 11 major organ systems working together
  • Heart rate: 72 beats/minute, Breathing rate: 16-20/minute
  • Blood components: RBC, WBC, Platelets, Plasma
  • SHORTCUT: ARTeries carry blood Away from heaRt
  • Adult human skeleton has 206 bones
  • FORMULA: Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume × Heart Rate
  • Digestive path: Mouth → Stomach → Small Intestine → Large Intestine
  • Brain parts: Cerebrum (thinking), Cerebellum (balance), Medulla (breathing)
  • TRICK: O negative = Universal donor, AB positive = Universal receiver
  • Kidneys produce 1-2 liters urine daily

Exam-Specific Tips

  • Normal human heart rate is 72 beats per minute
  • Adult human body has 206 bones
  • Normal breathing rate is 16-20 breaths per minute
  • Blood pH is maintained at 7.4
  • Human brain weighs approximately 1.4 kg
  • Small intestine is 6-7 meters long
  • Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood
  • Bone marrow produces blood cells
Practice MCQs

Human Body Systems — Practice Questions

8graded MCQs · easy to hard · full solution & trap analysis

All MCQs →
Practice 1easy

Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

Practice 2medium

Which of the following statements correctly describes the function of the diaphragm in the human respiratory system?

Practice 3medium

The normal pH range of human blood is approximately 7.35–7.45. Which organ system is primarily responsible for maintaining this pH balance by regulating carbon dioxide levels?

Practice 4medium

In the human nervous system, which of the following correctly describes the function of sensory neurons (afferent neurons)?

Practice 5medium

The human kidney filters approximately 180 liters of filtrate per day, but only about 1–2 liters of urine is excreted. This is because most of the filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron?

Practice 6medium

In the human circulatory system, which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava?

Practice 7medium

Which of the following correctly describes the pathway of blood flow through the human heart?

Practice 8hard

During the cardiac cycle, the atria and ventricles of the heart do not contract simultaneously. The delay in ventricular contraction after atrial contraction is primarily caused by the slow conduction of electrical impulses through which structure?

60-Second Revision — Human Body Systems

  • Remember: ARTeries carry blood Away from heaRt, VEins toward heart
  • Formula: Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume × Heart Rate
  • Key numbers: 72 heart rate, 206 bones, 16-20 breathing rate
  • Trap: Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood (exception)
  • Blood groups: O negative universal donor, AB positive universal receiver
  • Brain parts: Cerebrum=thinking, Cerebellum=balance, Medulla=breathing
  • Digestive sequence: Mouth → Stomach → Small → Large intestine
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