Question 1

If the Cost Price of an article is ₹800 and the Selling Price is ₹680, what is the loss percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price (CP) = ₹800, Selling Price (SP) = ₹680. Step 2: Loss = CP − SP = 800 − 680 = ₹120. Step 3: Loss % = (Loss / CP) × 100 = (120 / 800) × 100 = 15%. Therefore, the loss percentage is 15%.

Question 2

A book is sold for ₹450 at a profit of 25%. What is the Cost Price of the book?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let Cost Price = CP. Profit % = 25%, so SP = CP + 0.25 × CP = 1.25 × CP. Step 2: Given SP = ₹450, so 1.25 × CP = 450. Step 3: CP = 450 / 1.25 = ₹360. Therefore, the Cost Price is ₹360.

Question 3

A shopkeeper buys a shirt for ₹400 and sells it for ₹520. What is his profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price (CP) = ₹400, Selling Price (SP) = ₹520. Step 2: Profit = SP − CP = 520 − 400 = ₹120. Step 3: Profit % = (Profit / CP) × 100 = (120 / 400) × 100 = 30%. Therefore, the profit percentage is 30%.

Question 4

A trader purchases 50 kg of rice at ₹30 per kg and sells the entire quantity at ₹35 per kg. What is the total profit?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price per kg = ₹30, Quantity = 50 kg. Total CP = 30 × 50 = ₹1500. Step 2: Selling Price per kg = ₹35. Total SP = 35 × 50 = ₹1750. Step 3: Profit = SP − CP = 1750 − 1500 = ₹250. Therefore, total profit is ₹250.

Question 5

An item is marked at ₹1200. A shopkeeper gives a discount of 10% and still makes a profit of 20% on the Cost Price. What is the Cost Price of the item?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Marked Price (MP) = ₹1200. Discount = 10%, so Selling Price (SP) = 1200 − (0.10 × 1200) = 1200 − 120 = ₹1080. Step 2: Profit = 20%, so SP = CP × (1 + 20/100) = 1.20 × CP. Step 3: 1080 = 1.20 × CP, so CP = 1080 / 1.20 = ₹900. Therefore, Cost Price is ₹900.

Question 6

A shopkeeper marks a shirt at ₹800. He offers a discount of 15% on the marked price. What is the selling price of the shirt?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Marked Price (MP) = ₹800. Step 2: Discount = 15% of ₹800 = 0.15 × 800 = ₹120. Step 3: Selling Price (SP) = MP − Discount = 800 − 120 = ₹680.

Question 7

The marked price of a book is ₹500. After giving a discount of 20%, the shopkeeper still makes a profit of 25% on the cost price. What is the cost price of the book?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: MP = ₹500, Discount = 20%. Step 2: SP = 500 × (100 − 20)÷100 = 500 × 0.80 = ₹400. Step 3: Profit = 25%, so SP = CP × (100 + 25)÷100 = CP × 1.25. Step 4: 400 = CP × 1.25, therefore CP = 400 ÷ 1.25 = ₹320.

Question 8

A trader buys an item for ₹600 and marks it up by 50%. He then gives a discount of 20% on the marked price. What is his profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: CP = ₹600, Markup = 50%, so MP = 600 × 1.50 = ₹900. Step 2: Discount = 20% on MP, so SP = 900 × 0.80 = ₹720. Step 3: Profit = SP − CP = 720 − 600 = ₹120. Step 4: Profit% = (120/600) × 100 = 20%.

Question 9

A retailer offers a discount of 10% on the marked price of a product. If the marked price is ₹1200 and the cost price is ₹900, what is the profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: MP = ₹1200, Discount = 10%, so SP = 1200 × 0.90 = ₹1080. Step 2: CP = ₹900. Step 3: Profit = SP − CP = 1080 − 900 = ₹180. Step 4: Profit% = (180/900) × 100 = 20%.

Question 10

A merchant buys 100 pens at ₹5 each and sells them at ₹6.50 each. How much total profit does he make?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price per pen = ₹5, Quantity = 100. Total CP = 5 × 100 = ₹500. Step 2: Selling Price per pen = ₹6.50. Total SP = 6.50 × 100 = ₹650. Step 3: Profit = SP − CP = 650 − 500 = ₹150. Therefore, total profit is ₹150.

Question 11

A shopkeeper marks an item at 40% above its cost price. He gives a discount of 25% on the marked price. What is his loss or gain percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let CP = ₹100. MP = 100 × 1.40 = ₹140. Step 2: Discount = 25% on MP, so SP = 140 × 0.75 = ₹105. Step 3: Profit = SP − CP = 105 − 100 = ₹5. Step 4: Profit% = (5/100) × 100 = 5%.

Question 12

A vendor buys oranges at ₹8 per dozen. He sells them at ₹1 per orange. If he sells 60 oranges, what is his profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost price per dozen = ₹8, so CP per orange = 8/12 = ₹2/3. Step 2: SP per orange = ₹1. Step 3: For 60 oranges: Total CP = 60 × (2/3) = ₹40. Step 4: Total SP = 60 × 1 = ₹60. Step 5: Profit = 60 − 40 = ₹20. Step 6: Profit % = (20/40) × 100 = 50%.

Question 13

A shopkeeper buys a watch for ₹800 and marks it at 60% above the cost price. If he offers a discount of 25% on the marked price, what is his profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price (CP) = ₹800. Step 2: Marked Price (MP) = 800 + (60% of 800) = 800 + 480 = ₹1280. Step 3: Discount = 25% of 1280 = ₹320. Step 4: Selling Price (SP) = 1280 − 320 = ₹960. Step 5: Profit = 960 − 800 = ₹160. Step 6: Profit % = (160/800) × 100 = 20%.

Question 14

A merchant sells two items. On the first item, he makes a profit of 30%, and on the second item, he makes a loss of 20%. If the cost price of each item is ₹500, what is his overall profit or loss percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price of Item 1 = ₹500, Profit = 30%, so SP₁ = 500 × 1.30 = ₹650. Step 2: Cost Price of Item 2 = ₹500, Loss = 20%, so SP₂ = 500 × 0.80 = ₹400. Step 3: Total CP = 500 + 500 = ₹1000. Step 4: Total SP = 650 + 400 = ₹1050. Step 5: Overall Profit = 1050 − 1000 = ₹50. Step 6: Overall Profit % = (50/1000) × 100 = 5%.

Question 15

A trader buys 120 kg of rice at ₹25 per kg. He sells 80 kg at ₹32 per kg and the remaining at ₹28 per kg. What is his overall profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Total CP = 120 × 25 = ₹3000. Step 2: SP of 80 kg = 80 × 32 = ₹2560. Step 3: Remaining quantity = 120 − 80 = 40 kg. Step 4: SP of 40 kg = 40 × 28 = ₹1120. Step 5: Total SP = 2560 + 1120 = ₹3680. Step 6: Profit = 3680 − 3000 = ₹680. Step 7: Profit % = (680/3000) × 100 = 22.67% ≈ 22⅔%.

Question 16

A book is sold for ₹432 at a profit of 20%. If it were sold for ₹360, what would be the loss or profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: SP₁ = ₹432 at 20% profit. Using SP = CP × (1 + profit%), we get 432 = CP × 1.20. Step 2: CP = 432 / 1.20 = ₹360. Step 3: New SP₂ = ₹360. Step 4: Since CP = 360 and SP₂ = 360, Profit/Loss = 0. Step 5: Profit/Loss % = 0%.

Question 17

A shopkeeper marks his goods at 50% above cost price. He gives a discount of 10% on the marked price and further gives a gift worth ₹50 to every customer. If the cost price is ₹400, what is his profit or loss percentage per item?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: CP = ₹400. Step 2: MP = 400 + (50% of 400) = 400 + 200 = ₹600. Step 3: Discount = 10% of 600 = ₹60. Step 4: SP after discount = 600 − 60 = ₹540. Step 5: Effective SP = 540 − 50 (gift value) = ₹490. Step 6: Profit = 490 − 400 = ₹90. Step 7: Profit % = (90/400) × 100 = 22.5%.

Question 18

A shopkeeper buys goods at ₹80 per unit and marks them up by 60%. He then offers a discount of 25% on the marked price. If he sells 120 units, what is his total profit?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price (CP) = ₹80 per unit. Step 2: Marked Price (MP) = 80 + (60% of 80) = 80 + 48 = ₹128. Step 3: Selling Price (SP) = 128 − (25% of 128) = 128 − 32 = ₹96. Step 4: Profit per unit = 96 − 80 = ₹16. Step 5: Total profit for 120 units = 16 × 120 = ₹1,920.

Question 19

A merchant sells two items. Item A is sold at 25% profit and Item B is sold at 20% loss. If the cost price of Item A is ₹400 and the cost price of Item B is ₹500, what is the overall profit or loss percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: CP of Item A = ₹400, SP of Item A = 400 + (25% of 400) = 400 + 100 = ₹500. Step 2: CP of Item B = ₹500, SP of Item B = 500 − (20% of 500) = 500 − 100 = ₹400. Step 3: Total CP = 400 + 500 = ₹900. Step 4: Total SP = 500 + 400 = ₹900. Step 5: Profit/Loss = 900 − 900 = ₹0. Overall profit/loss percentage = 0%.

Question 20

A trader marks goods at 80% above cost price. He gives two successive discounts of 20% and 15% on the marked price. What is his profit or loss percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let CP = ₹100. MP = 100 + (80% of 100) = ₹180. Step 2: After first discount of 20%: Price = 180 − (20% of 180) = 180 − 36 = ₹144. Step 3: After second discount of 15%: SP = 144 − (15% of 144) = 144 − 21.6 = ₹122.4. Step 4: Profit = 122.4 − 100 = ₹22.4. Step 5: Profit percentage = (22.4/100) × 100 = 22.4%.

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