Question 1

What is 25% of 480?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Use the percentage formula: Percentage of a number = (Percentage/100) × Number. Step 2: 25% of 480 = (25/100) × 480 = 0.25 × 480 = 120. Therefore, the answer is 120.

Question 2

If 15% of a number is 45, what is the number?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let the number be x. Then 15% of x = 45. Step 2: (15/100) × x = 45. Step 3: x = 45 × (100/15) = 45 × (20/3) = 900/3 = 300. Therefore, the number is 300.

Question 3

A shopkeeper marks an item at ₹500. He gives a 20% discount. What is the selling price?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Marked Price (MP) = ₹500. Step 2: Discount = 20% of 500 = (20/100) × 500 = ₹100. Step 3: Selling Price (SP) = MP − Discount = 500 − 100 = ₹400. Therefore, the selling price is ₹400.

Question 4

In a class of 200 students, 60% are boys. How many girls are there in the class?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Total students = 200. Boys = 60% of 200 = (60/100) × 200 = 120. Step 2: Girls = Total − Boys = 200 − 120 = 80. Therefore, there are 80 girls in the class.

Question 5

A student scored 72 marks out of 120. What is the percentage of marks obtained?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Use the percentage formula: (Obtained Marks / Total Marks) × 100. Step 2: (72/120) × 100 = (3/5) × 100 = 0.6 × 100 = 60%. Therefore, the percentage is 60%.

Question 6

The price of a book increased from ₹200 to ₹250. What is the percentage increase?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Original Price = ₹200, New Price = ₹250. Step 2: Increase = 250 − 200 = ₹50. Step 3: Percentage Increase = (Increase / Original Price) × 100 = (50/200) × 100 = (1/4) × 100 = 25%. Therefore, the percentage increase is 25%.

Question 7

In an examination, a student scored 75% of the total marks. If the total marks are 320, how many marks did the student score?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Total marks = 320. Step 2: Percentage scored = 75%. Step 3: Marks scored = 75% of 320 = (75/100) × 320 = 0.75 × 320 = 240. Therefore, the student scored 240 marks.

Question 8

A shopkeeper marks an item at ₹500. He offers a discount of 12% on the marked price. What is the selling price of the item?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Marked Price (MP) = ₹500. Step 2: Discount = 12% of 500 = (12/100) × 500 = ₹60. Step 3: Selling Price (SP) = MP − Discount = 500 − 60 = ₹440. Therefore, the selling price is ₹440.

Question 9

A number is increased by 25%. If the new number is 500, what was the original number?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let the original number be x. Step 2: After 25% increase, new number = x + 25% of x = x(1 + 0.25) = 1.25x. Step 3: Given that 1.25x = 500. Step 4: x = 500/1.25 = 400. Therefore, the original number was 400.

Question 10

A product's price decreased from ₹800 to ₹600. What is the percentage decrease in price?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Original price = ₹800, New price = ₹600. Step 2: Decrease = 800 − 600 = ₹200. Step 3: Percentage decrease = (Decrease/Original) × 100 = (200/800) × 100 = 25%. Therefore, the percentage decrease is 25%.

Question 11

A student's marks increased from 60 to 75. What is the percentage increase in marks?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Original marks = 60, New marks = 75. Step 2: Increase = 75 − 60 = 15. Step 3: Percentage increase = (Increase/Original) × 100 = (15/60) × 100 = 25%. Therefore, the percentage increase is 25%.

Question 12

A shopkeeper buys an item for ₹400 and sells it at a profit of 35%. What is the selling price?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price (CP) = ₹400. Step 2: Profit % = 35%. Step 3: Profit amount = 35% of 400 = (35/100) × 400 = ₹140. Step 4: Selling Price (SP) = CP + Profit = 400 + 140 = ₹540. Therefore, the selling price is ₹540.

Question 13

A shopkeeper marks his goods at 60% above cost price. He then offers a discount of 25% on the marked price. If the cost price of an item is ₹800, what is his profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price (CP) = ₹800. Step 2: Marked Price (MP) = 800 + (60% of 800) = 800 + 480 = ₹1280. Step 3: Discount = 25% of 1280 = 320. Step 4: Selling Price (SP) = 1280 - 320 = ₹960. Step 5: Profit = 960 - 800 = ₹160. Step 6: Profit % = (160/800) × 100 = 20%.

Question 14

A number is increased by 20%, then the result is decreased by 20%. What is the net change in the original number as a percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let the original number be x. Step 2: After 20% increase: x + 0.20x = 1.20x. Step 3: After 20% decrease on the new value: 1.20x - (0.20 × 1.20x) = 1.20x - 0.24x = 0.96x. Step 4: Net change = 0.96x - x = -0.04x. Step 5: Percentage change = (-0.04x / x) × 100 = -4%.

Question 15

A student scored 65% in Mathematics and 72% in English. If Mathematics carries a weight of 3 and English carries a weight of 2, what is the weighted average percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Mathematics score = 65%, weight = 3. Step 2: English score = 72%, weight = 2. Step 3: Weighted sum = (65 × 3) + (72 × 2) = 195 + 144 = 339. Step 4: Total weight = 3 + 2 = 5. Step 5: Weighted average = 339 / 5 = 67.8%.

Question 16

The price of a commodity increases by 15% in the first year and by 10% in the second year. If the original price was ₹2000, what is the price after two years?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Original price = ₹2000. Step 2: After 15% increase in year 1: 2000 × 1.15 = ₹2300. Step 3: After 10% increase in year 2 (on the new price): 2300 × 1.10 = ₹2530. Step 4: Final price = ₹2530.

Question 17

A person's salary is increased by 25%. Later, due to economic downturn, the salary is decreased by 20%. If the final salary is ₹12,000, what was the original salary?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Let original salary = x. Step 2: After 25% increase: 1.25x. Step 3: After 20% decrease: 1.25x × 0.80 = x. Step 4: Final salary = x = ₹12,000. Step 5: Therefore, original salary = ₹12,000.

Question 18

In an election, candidate A received 45% of votes and candidate B received 40% of votes. The remaining votes were invalid. If the total number of votes cast was 8000, how many more votes did A receive than B?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Total votes = 8000. Step 2: Votes for A = 45% of 8000 = 0.45 × 8000 = 3600. Step 3: Votes for B = 40% of 8000 = 0.40 × 8000 = 3200. Step 4: Difference = 3600 - 3200 = 400 votes.

SSC MTS Basic Percentage

Basic Percentage— Rules & Concept

Key Points to Remember

Exam-Specific Tips

Basic Percentage — Practice Questions

60-Second Revision — Basic Percentage