Question 1

A book is sold at a loss of ₹50. If the Cost Price is ₹400, what is the Selling Price?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: CP = ₹400, Loss = ₹50. Step 2: When there is a loss, SP = CP − Loss. Step 3: SP = 400 − 50 = ₹350. Therefore, the Selling Price is ₹350.

Question 2

A merchant sells a watch for ₹1200 at a profit of 20%. What is the Cost Price of the watch?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: SP = ₹1200, Profit % = 20%. Step 2: Using the formula SP = CP × (1 + Profit%/100), we have 1200 = CP × (1 + 20/100) = CP × 1.2. Step 3: CP = 1200 / 1.2 = ₹1000. Therefore, the Cost Price is ₹1000.

Question 3

A shopkeeper buys a pen for ₹12 and sells it for ₹15. What is his profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price (CP) = ₹12, Selling Price (SP) = ₹15. Step 2: Profit = SP − CP = 15 − 12 = ₹3. Step 3: Profit % = (Profit / CP) × 100 = (3 / 12) × 100 = 25%. Therefore, the profit percentage is 25%.

Question 4

A shopkeeper buys notebooks at ₹8 each and sells them at ₹10 each. If he sells 100 notebooks, what is his total profit?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: CP per notebook = ₹8, SP per notebook = ₹10, Quantity = 100. Step 2: Profit per notebook = SP − CP = 10 − 8 = ₹2. Step 3: Total Profit = Profit per unit × Quantity = 2 × 100 = ₹200. Therefore, the total profit is ₹200.

Question 5

A trader buys goods at ₹1200 per unit. He marks them up by 40% and then gives a discount of 10% on the marked price. How much profit percentage does he make?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price (CP) = ₹1200. Step 2: Marked Price (MP) = CP + 40% of CP = 1200 + (0.40 × 1200) = 1200 + 480 = ₹1680. Step 3: Discount = 10% of MP = 0.10 × 1680 = ₹168. Step 4: Selling Price (SP) = 1680 − 168 = ₹1512. Step 5: Profit = SP − CP = 1512 − 1200 = ₹312. Step 6: Profit% = (312/1200) × 100 = 26%.

Question 6

The marked price of a shirt is ₹800. After giving a discount of 15%, the shopkeeper still makes a profit of 25% on the cost price. What is the cost price of the shirt?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Discount = 15% of ₹800 = (15/100) × 800 = ₹120. Step 2: Selling Price (SP) = 800 − 120 = ₹680. Step 3: Profit = 25%, so SP = CP × (1 + 25/100) = CP × 1.25. Step 4: 680 = CP × 1.25, therefore CP = 680 ÷ 1.25 = ₹544.

Question 7

A shopkeeper marks a product at ₹500. He offers a discount of 20% on the marked price. What is the selling price?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Marked Price (MP) = ₹500. Step 2: Discount = 20% of ₹500 = (20/100) × 500 = ₹100. Step 3: Selling Price (SP) = MP − Discount = 500 − 100 = ₹400.

Question 8

A trader buys 50 kg of rice at ₹40 per kg and sells it at ₹48 per kg. What is the total profit?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price per kg = ₹40, Selling Price per kg = ₹48. Step 2: Total CP = 50 × 40 = ₹2000. Step 3: Total SP = 50 × 48 = ₹2400. Step 4: Total Profit = SP − CP = 2400 − 2000 = ₹400. Therefore, the total profit is ₹400.

Question 9

If the Cost Price of an article is ₹500 and the Selling Price is ₹600, what is the profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: CP = ₹500, SP = ₹600. Step 2: Profit = SP − CP = 600 − 500 = ₹100. Step 3: Profit % = (Profit / CP) × 100 = (100 / 500) × 100 = 20%. Therefore, the profit percentage is 20%.

Question 10

A trader marks his goods 40% above cost price. After giving a discount of 10% on the marked price, he still makes a profit. If the cost price is ₹1000, what is the selling price?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price (CP) = ₹1000. Step 2: Marked Price (MP) = 1000 + (40% of 1000) = 1000 + 400 = ₹1400. Step 3: Discount = 10% of 1400 = ₹140. Step 4: Selling Price (SP) = 1400 - 140 = ₹1260.

Question 11

A shopkeeper buys a shirt for ₹400 and marks it up by 50%. He then offers a discount of 20% on the marked price. What is his profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price (CP) = ₹400. Step 2: Marked Price (MP) = 400 + (50% of 400) = 400 + 200 = ₹600. Step 3: Discount = 20% of 600 = ₹120. Step 4: Selling Price (SP) = 600 - 120 = ₹480. Step 5: Profit = SP - CP = 480 - 400 = ₹80. Step 6: Profit % = (80/400) × 100 = 20%.

Question 12

A vendor sells two items. Item A is sold at a profit of 25%, and Item B is sold at a loss of 10%. If the cost price of both items is ₹800 each, what is the overall profit or loss percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price of Item A = ₹800, Profit = 25%, so SP of A = 800 × 1.25 = ₹1000. Step 2: Cost Price of Item B = ₹800, Loss = 10%, so SP of B = 800 × 0.9 = ₹720. Step 3: Total CP = 800 + 800 = ₹1600. Step 4: Total SP = 1000 + 720 = ₹1720. Step 5: Overall Profit = 1720 - 1600 = ₹120. Step 6: Profit % = (120/1600) × 100 = 7.5%.

Question 13

A trader buys 100 kg of rice at ₹40 per kg. He sells 60 kg at ₹50 per kg and the remaining 40 kg at ₹45 per kg. What is his profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Total Cost Price = 100 × 40 = ₹4000. Step 2: Revenue from 60 kg = 60 × 50 = ₹3000. Step 3: Revenue from 40 kg = 40 × 45 = ₹1800. Step 4: Total Selling Price = 3000 + 1800 = ₹4800. Step 5: Profit = 4800 - 4000 = ₹800. Step 6: Profit % = (800/4000) × 100 = 20%.

Question 14

A book is sold for ₹360, which is a loss of 10%. At what price should it be sold to gain a profit of 20%?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Selling Price = ₹360, Loss = 10%. Step 2: If loss is 10%, then SP = 90% of CP. So, 360 = 0.9 × CP. Step 3: CP = 360 / 0.9 = ₹400. Step 4: For 20% profit, SP = CP × 1.2 = 400 × 1.2 = ₹480.

Question 15

A merchant marks up goods by 60% above cost price. After giving a discount of 25% on the marked price, he still makes a profit. If the cost price is ₹500, what is the profit amount?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price = ₹500. Step 2: Marked Price = 500 + (60% of 500) = 500 + 300 = ₹800. Step 3: Discount = 25% of 800 = ₹200. Step 4: Selling Price = 800 - 200 = ₹600. Step 5: Profit = SP - CP = 600 - 500 = ₹100.

Question 16

A shopkeeper sells an item at ₹1200 and makes a profit of 20%. If he had bought it at 10% less cost price, what would be his profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Selling Price = ₹1200, Profit = 20%. Step 2: If profit is 20%, then SP = 1.2 × CP. So, 1200 = 1.2 × CP. Step 3: CP = 1200 / 1.2 = ₹1000. Step 4: New CP = 1000 - (10% of 1000) = 1000 - 100 = ₹900. Step 5: Profit with new CP = 1200 - 900 = ₹300. Step 6: New Profit % = (300/900) × 100 = 33.33% ≈ 33⅓%.

Question 17

A merchant sells two items. Item A is sold at a profit of 30% and Item B is sold at a loss of 20%. If the cost price of both items is ₹500 each, what is the overall profit or loss percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price of Item A = ₹500, Cost Price of Item B = ₹500. Total CP = ₹1000. Step 2: Selling Price of Item A = 500 + (30% of 500) = 500 + 150 = ₹650. Step 3: Selling Price of Item B = 500 - (20% of 500) = 500 - 100 = ₹400. Step 4: Total SP = 650 + 400 = ₹1050. Step 5: Overall Profit = 1050 - 1000 = ₹50. Step 6: Overall Profit % = (50/1000) × 100 = 5%.

Question 18

A shopkeeper buys a shirt for ₹400 and marks it at 60% above the cost price. He then offers a discount of 25% on the marked price. What is his profit percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost Price (CP) = ₹400. Step 2: Marked Price (MP) = 400 + (60% of 400) = 400 + 240 = ₹640. Step 3: Discount = 25% of 640 = ₹160. Step 4: Selling Price (SP) = 640 - 160 = ₹480. Step 5: Profit = 480 - 400 = ₹80. Step 6: Profit % = (80/400) × 100 = 20%.

Question 19

A shopkeeper buys 100 pens at ₹5 per pen. He sells 80 pens at ₹8 per pen and the remaining 20 pens at ₹3 per pen due to damage. What is his overall profit or loss percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Total Cost Price = 100 × 5 = ₹500. Step 2: Revenue from 80 pens = 80 × 8 = ₹640. Step 3: Revenue from 20 pens = 20 × 3 = ₹60. Step 4: Total Selling Price = 640 + 60 = ₹700. Step 5: Overall Profit = 700 - 500 = ₹200. Step 6: Profit % = (200/500) × 100 = 40%.

Question 20

A shopkeeper bought a product for ₹500. He marked it up by 40% and then offered a discount of 10% on the marked price. Later, he sold the remaining stock at a loss of 5% on the cost price. If he sold 60% of the total stock at the first selling price and 40% at the loss, what is his overall profit or loss percentage?

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Cost price (CP) = ₹500

Step 2: First selling price (after 40% markup and 10% discount):
Marked Price = 500 + (40% of 500) = 500 + 200 = ₹700
Selling Price (SP₁) = 700 - (10% of 700) = 700 - 70 = ₹630
Profit on first batch = 630 - 500 = ₹130 per unit

Step 3: Second selling price (at 5% loss):
SP₂ = 500 - (5% of 500) = 500 - 25 = ₹475
Loss on second batch = 500 - 475 = ₹25 per unit

Step 4: Overall profit/loss (assuming 100 units for calculation):
60 units sold at SP₁ = 60 × ₹630 = ₹37,800
40 units sold at SP₂ = 40 × ₹475 = ₹19,000
Total Selling Price = ₹37,800 + ₹19,000 = ₹56,800

Total Cost Price = 100 × ₹500 = ₹50,000

Overall Profit = ₹56,800 - ₹50,000 = ₹6,800

Profit % = (6,800 / 50,000) × 100 = 13.6%

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