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SSC CGL Parliament & State Legislature

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This page covers SSC CGL Parliament & State Legislature with complete concept notes, 29 graded practice MCQs, key points and exam-specific tips. Free to study.

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Concept Notes

Parliament & State Legislature— Rules & Concept

Core ConceptRead this first — the foundation of the topic
Parliament has THREE parts

President + Lok Sabha + Rajya Sabha

State Legislature has TWO or THREE parts

Governor + Vidhan Sabha (+ Vidhan Parishad in some states). --- KEY RULES / PROPERTIES --- LOK SABHA (House of the People): - Maximum strength: 552 members (530 from states + 20 from UTs + 2 Anglo-Indians — note: Anglo-Indian nomination was abolished by 104th Amendment, 2020) - Current strength: 543 elected seats - Term: 5 years (can be dissolved earlier by President) - Minimum age to become member: 25 years - Presiding Officer: Speaker - Money Bills can ONLY be introduced here - This is the LOWER HOUSE but MORE POWERFUL house RAJYA SABHA (Council of States): - Maximum strength: 250 (238 elected + 12 nominated by President) - Current strength: 245 - It is a PERMANENT body — cannot be dissolved - Term of each member: 6 years - One-third members retire every 2 years - Minimum age: 30 years - Presiding Officer: Vice President of India (ex-officio Chairman) - Deputy Chairman is elected from its members - Special Power: Under Article 249, it can pass a resolution to allow Parliament to legislate on State List subjects - Under Article 312, it can create new All India Services VIDHAN SABHA (State Legislative Assembly): - Lower House of State Legislature - Maximum strength: 500, Minimum: 60 - Exception: Goa (40), Sikkim (32), Mizoram (40), Puducherry (30) - Term: 5 years - Minimum age: 25 years - Presiding Officer: Speaker VIDHAN PARISHAD (State Legislative Council): - Upper House — exists in only 6 states: UP, Bihar, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh - It is a permanent body (like Rajya Sabha) - Strength: Cannot exceed 1/3rd of Vidhan Sabha strength, but minimum 40 members - Term of each member: 6 years - One-third retire every 2 years - Minimum age: 30 years ---

Formula BlockMemorise — at least one formula appears in every paper

--

Vidhan Parishad Max Strength = 1/3 of Vidhan Sabha strength (minimum 40)
Rajya Sabha nominated members = 12 (fields: Literature, Science, Art, Social Service)
Lok Sabha quorum = 1/10th of total membership
Rajya Sabha quorum = 1/10th of total membership

---

Exam PatternsWhat examiners ask — read before attempting PYQs
Easy memory

'RAJYA is older = age 30' Trick 2 — Permanent Houses: Both Rajya Sabha and Vidhan Parishad are PERMANENT (cannot be dissolved)

Remember

'Upper = Undying' Trick 3 — 6 States with Vidhan Parishad: 'UP-BM-KAT' → UP, Bihar, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana ---

Worked ExampleSolve this step-by-step before moving on
1
Step 1

Recall — Vice President presides over the upper house of Parliament.

2
Step 2

Upper house of Parliament = Rajya Sabha.

3
Step 3

'Ex-officio' means 'by virtue of office' — he becomes Chairman automatically. Answer: Rajya Sabha (Article 64) --- WORKED EXAMPLE 2 --- Q: A Money Bill is introduced in Lok Sabha. The Rajya Sabha does not return it within 14 days. What happens?

1
Step 1

Money Bills can only be introduced in Lok Sabha (Article 110).

2
Step 2

After Lok Sabha passes it, it goes to Rajya Sabha.

3
Step 3

Rajya Sabha has only 14 days. It can only recommend changes — it CANNOT reject.

4
Step 4

If Rajya Sabha does not return within 14 days, the bill is deemed passed by BOTH houses. Answer: Bill is deemed to have been passed — Rajya Sabha has NO real power over Money Bills. --- COMMON TRAP / MISTAKE --- TRAP: Students think Rajya Sabha can REJECT a Money Bill. IT CANNOT. Rajya Sabha can only make recommendations on a Money Bill. Lok Sabha may or may not accept them. This is the #1 trap in SSC exams. Also, many students confuse: Rajya Sabha Chairman = Vice President, but Lok Sabha Speaker is elected from its own members — do NOT mix these up.

Key Points to Remember

  • Parliament = President + Lok Sabha + Rajya Sabha (Article 79 establishes Parliament)
  • Lok Sabha maximum strength = 552; current elected seats = 543; term = 5 years
  • Rajya Sabha maximum strength = 250 (238 elected + 12 nominated); it is a PERMANENT house
  • Shortcut — Age Rule: Rajya Sabha minimum age = 30 years; Lok Sabha minimum age = 25 years
  • Vice President of India is ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha (Article 64)
  • Money Bills can ONLY be introduced in Lok Sabha, NOT in Rajya Sabha (Article 110)
  • Rajya Sabha CANNOT reject a Money Bill — it can only recommend changes within 14 days
  • Formula: Vidhan Parishad strength = max 1/3rd of Vidhan Sabha strength, minimum 40 members
  • Only 6 states have Vidhan Parishad — Trick: 'UP-BM-KAT' (UP, Bihar, Maharashtra, Karnataka, AP, Telangana)
  • Shortcut — 'Upper = Undying': Both Rajya Sabha and Vidhan Parishad are permanent bodies (cannot be dissolved)

Exam-Specific Tips

  • Article 79 — Constitution of Parliament (President + Lok Sabha + Rajya Sabha)
  • Article 110 — Definition of Money Bill; Money Bill can only be introduced in Lok Sabha
  • Article 249 — Rajya Sabha can empower Parliament to legislate on State List by 2/3rd majority resolution
  • Article 312 — Rajya Sabha can create new All India Services by 2/3rd majority resolution
  • 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2020 — abolished nomination of Anglo-Indian members to Lok Sabha and State Assemblies
  • 12 members are nominated to Rajya Sabha by the President from fields of Literature, Science, Art, and Social Service
  • Quorum for both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha = 1/10th of total membership
  • Rajya Sabha member term = 6 years; one-third members retire every 2 years
Practice MCQs

Parliament & State Legislature — Practice Questions

29graded MCQs · easy to hard · full solution & trap analysis · showing 20 of 29

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Practice 1easy

Which article of the Indian Constitution defines the composition and powers of the State Legislature?

Practice 2easy

What is the maximum strength of the Lok Sabha as prescribed by the Constitution?

Practice 3easy

Which of the following is NOT a Fundamental Duty as listed in Article 51A of the Indian Constitution?

Practice 4easy

Which amendment to the Indian Constitution added Fundamental Duties to Part IV-A?

Practice 5easy

Under which Article of the Indian Constitution can the President dissolve the Lok Sabha?

Practice 6easy

The Indian Parliament consists of which of the following?

Practice 7easy

What is the maximum strength of the Lok Sabha as per the Constitution?

Practice 8easy

Which of the following is NOT a power of the Rajya Sabha?

Practice 9easy

Which Article of the Indian Constitution deals with the composition of the Rajya Sabha?

Practice 10medium

Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Life and Personal Liberty, and has been interpreted by the Supreme Court to include the right to privacy?

Practice 11medium

According to Article 75 of the Indian Constitution, the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to which House of Parliament?

Practice 12medium

Under which Article of the Indian Constitution is the composition of the Rajya Sabha defined?

Practice 13medium

Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with the qualifications and disqualifications of members of Parliament?

Practice 14medium

Which of the following statements about the composition of the Rajya Sabha is CORRECT?

Practice 15medium

Under Article 368 of the Indian Constitution, which of the following requires a special majority (2/3 majority in both Houses) but NOT ratification by State Legislatures?

Practice 16medium

Which constitutional amendment introduced the concept of 'Fundamental Duties' into the Indian Constitution?

Practice 17medium

Under Article 79 of the Indian Constitution, Parliament consists of which of the following?

Practice 18medium

Which of the following statements regarding the Rajya Sabha is CORRECT according to the Indian Constitution?

Practice 19medium

The 42nd Amendment to the Indian Constitution, passed in 1976, made significant changes to the Constitution. Which of the following is NOT one of those changes?

Practice 20medium

Which article of the Indian Constitution defines the composition and powers of the State Legislature, and specifies that a State Legislative Assembly shall not have more than 500 members and not fewer than 60 members?

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60-Second Revision — Parliament & State Legislature

  • Remember: Rajya Sabha = Permanent, 250 max, Chairman = Vice President, age 30; Lok Sabha = 543 seats, Speaker from members, age 25, term 5 years
  • Formula: Vidhan Parishad max = 1/3 of Vidhan Sabha, min = 40 members; only 6 states have it — UP, Bihar, Maharashtra, Karnataka, AP, Telangana
  • Trap: Rajya Sabha CANNOT reject Money Bills — it can only recommend changes within 14 days; if it fails to return, bill is DEEMED PASSED
  • Remember: Article 249 = Rajya Sabha → Parliament legislates on State List; Article 312 = Rajya Sabha creates All India Services
  • Shortcut — 'Upper = Undying': Rajya Sabha and Vidhan Parishad both CANNOT be dissolved (permanent bodies)
  • Fact: 104th Amendment (2020) removed Anglo-Indian nomination to Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabhas
  • Trap: Vice President = Chairman of Rajya Sabha (ex-officio); Deputy Chairman is elected FROM Rajya Sabha members — do not confuse the two
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