Question 1

Under which Article of the Indian Constitution are Fundamental Duties of citizens enumerated?

Accepted Answer

Article 51A of the Indian Constitution lists the Fundamental Duties of citizens. These duties were added by the 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 and include duties such as respecting the Constitution, promoting harmony, and protecting the environment. There are currently 11 Fundamental Duties listed.

Question 2

Article 32 of the Indian Constitution provides the right to move the Supreme Court for the enforcement of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Article 32 grants citizens the right to move the Supreme Court directly for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights. It is often called the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. The Supreme Court can issue writs such as Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, and Quo Warranto to protect fundamental rights.

Question 3

Under which Article of the Indian Constitution is the Right to Equality before law guaranteed?

Accepted Answer

Article 14 guarantees equality before law and equal protection of laws to all persons within the territory of India. It is one of the six Fundamental Rights enshrined in Part III (Articles 12–35) of the Constitution.

Question 4

Which of the following Fundamental Rights can be suspended during a National Emergency declared under Article 352?

Accepted Answer

During a National Emergency declared under Article 352, the President can suspend the rights guaranteed under Article 19 (Freedoms of speech, assembly, movement, etc.). However, Articles 20 and 21 (right against exploitation and right to life) cannot be suspended even during emergency.

Question 5

Fundamental Duties were added to the Indian Constitution through which Amendment?

Accepted Answer

The 42nd Amendment (1976), also known as the 'Mini Constitution,' added Part IVA to the Indian Constitution, introducing Fundamental Duties in Articles 51A. This amendment was passed during the Emergency declared by President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed on June 25, 1975.

Question 6

How many Fundamental Duties are currently listed in Article 51A of the Indian Constitution?

Accepted Answer

Article 51A originally contained 10 Fundamental Duties introduced by the 42nd Amendment (1976). The 86th Amendment (2002) added an 11th duty regarding environmental protection and conservation. Thus, there are currently 11 Fundamental Duties listed in the Constitution.

Question 7

Article 51A of the Indian Constitution lists Fundamental Duties. How many Fundamental Duties are originally listed in this Article?

Accepted Answer

Article 51A, inserted by the 42nd Amendment (1976), originally listed 10 Fundamental Duties. An 11th duty (to protect environment and wildlife) was added by the 86th Amendment (2002).

Question 8

Under which Article of the Indian Constitution is the Right to Education (free and compulsory education for children between 6 and 14 years) guaranteed as a Fundamental Right?

Accepted Answer

Article 21A was inserted by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002, making free and compulsory education a Fundamental Right for children between 6 and 14 years of age. It is placed under Part III of the Constitution alongside other Fundamental Rights.

Question 9

Article 32 of the Indian Constitution provides the right to constitutional remedies. Which of the following is NOT a remedy available under Article 32?

Accepted Answer

Article 32 empowers the Supreme Court to issue writs in the form of Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, and Quo Warranto for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights. Injunction is not a writ issued under Article 32; it is a civil remedy available under the Indian Contract Act or Code of Civil Procedure.

Question 10

The 42nd Amendment to the Indian Constitution added Fundamental Duties to the Constitution. In which article are these duties enumerated?

Accepted Answer

The 42nd Amendment (1976) added Part IVA to the Constitution, which contains Fundamental Duties. Article 51A specifically enumerates 11 Fundamental Duties of every citizen of India. This amendment was passed during the Emergency period under Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.

Question 11

Article 29 of the Indian Constitution provides protection to minorities regarding which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Article 29 protects the rights of minorities to conserve their distinct language, script, and culture. Specifically, Article 29(1) states that any section of citizens residing in India having a distinct language, script, or culture has the right to conserve the same.

Question 12

Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right to equality before law and equal protection of laws?

Accepted Answer

Article 14 of the Indian Constitution explicitly states: 'The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.' This is the foundational equality right in Part III (Fundamental Rights).

Question 13

The 42nd Amendment to the Indian Constitution, passed in 1976, made significant changes to the Constitution. Which of the following was NOT introduced by this amendment?

Accepted Answer

The 42nd Amendment (1976) added Fundamental Duties (Article 51A), changed 'Sovereign Democratic Republic' to 'Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic,' and made the Constitution more rigid. However, it did NOT introduce the Right to Information Act (RTI), which came in 2005.

Question 14

Which Article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Life and Personal Liberty, and has been interpreted by courts to include the right to live with human dignity?

Accepted Answer

Article 21 of the Indian Constitution states: 'No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.' The Supreme Court has expanded this interpretation to include dignity, privacy, and freedom from torture.

Question 15

Article 19 of the Indian Constitution guarantees six freedoms. Which of the following is NOT one of the six freedoms listed under Article 19?

Accepted Answer

Article 19 guarantees six freedoms: (1) freedom of speech and expression, (2) freedom to assemble peacefully, (3) freedom to form associations, (4) freedom to move freely, (5) freedom to reside and settle, and (6) freedom to practice any profession. Right to Property is NOT included.

Question 16

Which of the following rights is NOT included in Article 19 of the Indian Constitution?

Accepted Answer

Article 19 guarantees six freedoms: (1) freedom of speech and expression, (2) freedom to assemble peaceably, (3) freedom to form associations, (4) freedom to move freely, (5) freedom to reside and settle, and (6) freedom to practice any profession or trade. The right to property is NOT included in Article 19.

Question 17

Article 32 of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right to constitutional remedies. Which of the following is NOT a writ that can be issued under Article 32?

Accepted Answer

Article 32 provides the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights through writs: Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, and Quo Warranto. Injunction is an equitable remedy but not a constitutional writ under Article 32.

Question 18

Article 32 of the Indian Constitution provides the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights. Which of the following is NOT a writ that can be issued under Article 32?

Accepted Answer

Article 32 allows the Supreme Court to issue five types of writs: Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, and Quo Warranto. These are the only writs available under Article 32; other remedies exist under different articles.

Question 19

The 101st Amendment to the Indian Constitution inserted Article 300A(2), which exempts certain state acquisitions of property from compensation requirements. This amendment is primarily associated with which landmark legislation?

Accepted Answer

The 101st Amendment (2016) inserted Article 300A(2) to enable the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (LARR) Act, 2013, by allowing the state to acquire land for public purposes without full market compensation in specific cases.

Question 20

In the landmark case Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978), the Supreme Court expanded the interpretation of Article 21 (Right to Life and Personal Liberty) to include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India established that Article 21 protects not just bare survival but also the right to live with dignity, including rights to privacy, free movement, and protection against arbitrary state action. The procedure must be 'reasonable' and not merely 'established by law'.

SSC CGL Fundamental Rights & Duties

Fundamental Rights & Duties— Rules & Concept

Key Points to Remember

Exam-Specific Tips

Fundamental Rights & Duties — Practice Questions

60-Second Revision — Fundamental Rights & Duties